Unit 1
conclude
vt.
1. 结束[(+by/with)]
We concluded our meeting at 9 o’clock.
我们九点钟结束了会议。
2. 推断出,断定 [+that]
What can you conclude from these observations?
你从这些观察中能得出什么结论?
3. 缔结(条约)[(+with)]
4. (最后)决定(为)[+to-v][+that]
He concluded that he would wait a little longer.
他决定再等一会儿。
He concluded to quit on pay day.
他决定在发薪水这天辞职。
vi.
结束,终了[(+with)]
The meeting concluded after two hours.
两小时后会议结束了。
Impressive as the record is, it fades next to the story of Armstrong’s struggle against disease.
as引导让步状从，句子倒装。
Angry as he was, he listened to me patiently.
他很恼怒，却能耐心地听我说话。
Strange as it seems, it is so.
看似不可思议，事实却是如此。
fade
vi.
1. 凋谢,枯萎
The flowers faded for want of water.
花儿因缺水而凋谢了。
2. (颜色)褪去
The color fades when exposed to light.
这颜色曝光后会褪色。
3. (声音等)变微弱;(光等)变暗淡;逐渐消失[(+away)]
The sound of the footsteps faded away.
脚步声渐渐消失了。
4. 【美】【俚】离去,跑掉
vt.
使褪色
Sunshine faded the tapestry.
阳光晒得挂毯褪了色
Whether we are out to set a new record ourselves or simply enjoy reading about champions, the Guinness Book of World Records makes for interesting reading.
make for可造成，可成为，有好处
The large print makes for easier reading.
大字排版使阅读轻松一些。
Does early rising make for good health?
早起有利于健康吗？
attempt
vt.
1. 试图;企图;试图做[+to-v][+v-ing]
They attempted to finish the task before July.
他们试图在七月以前完成这项任务。
2. 试图攻占
They attempted the life of the dictator.
他们试图杀死这个独裁者。
n.[C]
1. 企图,尝试[(+at/on)][+to-v]
He made an attempt on the world record.
他试图打破世界纪录。
Her attempt at poetry was a failure.
她尝试写诗失败了。
2. 攻击[(+on)]
Several attempts have been made on the president’s life.
已经有人三番五次试图谋杀总统。
confirm
vt.
1. 证实;确定[+(that)][+wh-]
His letter confirmed everything.
他的信证实了一切。
2. 坚定;加强
The latest developments confirmed me in my belief.
最新的发展使我坚信我的信仰。
3. 批准,确认
The queen confirmed the treaty.
女王批准了此项条约。
fascinate
vt.
1. 迷住,使神魂颠倒;强烈地吸引[(+by/with)]
I watched her, fascinated.
我瞧着她,完全被她迷住了。
The child was fascinated with his new toy.
那孩子对他的新玩具着了迷。
2. 慑住...使动弹不得,使呆住
The snake fascinated its prey.
那条蛇震慑住了它的捕获物。
vi.
有吸引力;迷人
burst
vi.
1. 爆炸;破裂
The balloon burst.
气球爆炸了。
2. 冲,闯
Her door was thrust open, and Mrs. Page burst in.
她的门被猛地推开,佩奇太太冲了进来。
3. 突然出现;突然发生,爆发
4. (用进行时)塞满,几乎要胀破[(+with)]
I am bursting with pride.
我自豪极了。
vt.
1. 使爆炸;使破裂
After ten days of rain the river burst its banks.
下了十天雨后河堤决口了。
2. 突然打开;冲出;炸出
3. 使胀破
underline
vt.
1. 在...的下面划线
The key words are underlined.
关键的字下面划了线。
2. 强调;使突出
This example underlines the consequences of bad management.
这个例子突显了管理不好的后果。
center on/ upon/ around
集中; 居中[(+on/upon/around)]
Their talks always center around politics.
他们的谈话总是围绕着政治。
concentrate
vt.
集中;聚集,集结[O][(+on/upon)]
We must concentrate our attention on efficiency.
我们必须把注意力集中在效率上。
Our population is concentrated in the big cities.
我国人口集中在大城市里。
vi.
全神贯注;专心致志于；全力以赴[(+on/upon)]
She couldn’t concentrate on a book very long.
她不能长时间专心读一本书。
delight
n.
1. 欣喜,愉快[U]
To our delight, our football team won.
令我们高兴的是,我们的足球队赢了。
She ran back home with delight.
她兴高采烈地跑回家。
2. 乐事,乐趣[C]
He enjoyed the delights of New York’s night life.
他喜欢纽约夜生活的乐趣。
vt.
使高兴；使愉快
I’m delighted that you are back.
你回来了,我很高兴。
We were delighted to read your novel.
我们很高兴拜读你的小说。
The clown delighted the audience.
小丑逗乐了观众。
register
vt.
1. 登记,注册,申报
Waldo went to the city hall to register the birth of his son.
沃尔多去市政厅为他儿子作出生登记。
2. (仪表等)标示,指示;记录
The thermometer registered 70 degrees.
温度计显示七十度。
vi.
登记,注册
I registered at a hotel near the train station.
我在靠近火车站的一家旅馆登记住宿。
Unit 2
puzzle
vt.
1. 使迷惑;使为难,使窘困
What puzzles me is why they didn’t show up.
令我百思不解的是他们为什么没有出现。
He looked a little puzzled.
他看上去有点困惑。
His recent behavior puzzles me.
他最近的行为使我迷惑不解。
2. 苦思而得出[(+out)]
I could not puzzle out her intentions.
我猜不出她的意图。
We finally puzzled out the meaning of the poem.
我们苦苦思索终于理解这首诗的意思。
vi.
1. 感到迷惑[(+at)]
I have been puzzling about this question for weeks now.
我对这个问题已冥思苦想了好几个星期。
2. 苦思,冥思苦想[(+about/over/as to)]
n.
1. (游戏的)猜谜,智力竞赛[C]
2. 难题,谜,难以理解之事[S1]
Her decision was a puzzle to him.
她的决定对他来说是个谜。
3. 困惑,迷惑[S]
I’m in a puzzle as to how to cope with the new situation.
我不知道该如何应付这新局面。
Silk from China found its way over land along the Silk Road to India, the Middle East and Rome, in exchange for spices and glass, which was not known to China.
in exchange for与……交换
She is giving him English lessons in exchange for his teaching her Chinese.
她教他英语，他教她汉语。
wander
vi.
1. 漫游;闲逛;流浪;徘徊[(+about/off/over/through)]
He wandered in the streets.
他在街上游荡。
2. 离开正道;离题[(+from/off)]
During the storm the ship wandered from its course.
船在风暴中偏离了航道。
He wandered from the subject.
他说离了题。
3. (精神)错乱;(思想)混乱;出神,开小差
My attention wandered.
我走了神。
volunteer
n.[C]
1. 自愿参加者,志愿者[(+for)][(+to-v)]
The volunteers for community service are doing a good job.
社区服务的志愿者做得很出色。
2. 志愿兵,义勇兵
Many Australians fought as volunteers on the Allied side.
许多澳大利亚人作为志愿兵与盟军一起战斗。
vt.
1. 自愿(做)[(+to-v)]
They volunteered to repair the house for the old lady.
他们主动提出替老太太修缮房子。
2. 自愿提供,自愿给予
She volunteered the information.
她自动提供了这一消息。
vi.
1. 自愿;自愿服务[(+for)]
He volunteered for the hard and unprofitable job.
他自愿做这苦差使。
2. 自愿当兵[(+for)]
When the war broke out, he volunteered for the Marine Corps.
战争爆发时,他自愿参加了海军陆战队。
suggest
vt.
1. 建议,提议[+v-ing][+(that虚拟)][+wh-]
I suggest our going to the park on Sunday.
我建议我们星期天去公园。
The dentist suggested that she (should) come another day.
牙医建议她改天再来。
2. 暗示;启发[+(that陈述)]
Her expression suggested pleasure./that she was pleased
她面露喜色。
3. 使人想起,使人联想到[(+to)]
That cloud suggests a boat to me.
那朵云使我联想到船。
accomplish
vt.
1. 完成,实现,达到
They didn’t accomplish the purpose desired.
他们没有达到预期的目的。
They have accomplished their mission successfully.
他们成功地完成了任务。
2. 走完,度过
She has accomplished 95 years of her life.
她已达九十五高龄。
The journey was accomplished in five weeks.
花了五个礼拜走完全部旅程。
refer to
1. 查阅，参阅
A person refers to a dictionary to find the meaning of the words.
2. 指……而言，指的是
I knew the lady was referring to Bill when she spoke of a bright young boy.
3. 把……称作(as)
Don’t refer to your sister as a silly cow!
refer…to
1. 指导；让……找
Our teacher refers us to many good books.
If he needs any further information, refer him to me.
2. 归功于；归咎于
He referred his success to the good teaching he’s had.
arise (arose, arisen)
vi.
1. 升起,上升
A heavy mist arose from the lake.
湖面起了浓雾。
2. 产生,出现,形成[(+from/out of)]
Unexpected difficulties arose in the course of their experiment.
在他们进行实验的过程中,出现了意想不到的困难。
Between the copartners serious disagreements arose.
合伙人之间产生了严重分歧。
evidence
n.
1. 证据;证词;证人;物证[U][(+of/for)][+that][+to-v]
He was punished for giving false evidence.
他因作伪证而受到惩罚。
The evidence is very shaky.
这证据相当靠不住。
2. 迹象[U][C][(+of)][+(that)]
There are evidences that somebody has been living here.
有迹象显示有人一直住在这里。
praise
n.
1. 赞扬,称赞[U]
I’m sure I don’t deserve so much praise.
我肯定自己不值得这么多赞扬。
2. 赞美的话,赞词[P][(+of)]
The praises of his friends made the boy feel very proud
3. 【宗】(对神的)赞美,崇拜[U]
Let us give praise to God.
让我们赞美神吧。
vt.
1. 赞美,表扬;歌颂[(+for)]
The publishers praised his novel pretty highly.
出版商们对他的小说评价甚高。
The mayor praised the boy for his courage.
市长赞扬这个男孩很勇敢。
Unit 3
fellow
n.[C]
1. 【口】男人;家伙;人
A fellow must eat.
人总得吃饭。
2. 伙伴;同事
They are my fellows at school.
他们是我的同学。
adj.
同伴的;同事的;同类的
He recalled his fellow traveller with pleasure.
他愉快地回忆起他的旅伴。
criminal
adj.
1. 犯罪的,犯法的
Robbery is a criminal act.
抢劫是犯罪行为。
2. 刑事上的
Scotland has its own criminal law.
苏格兰有它自己的刑法。
n.
罪犯[C]
resemble
vt.
像,类似 [(+in)]
She was not beautiful; she did not resemble her mother.
她不漂亮;她不像她的母亲。
The two sisters resemble each other in appearance.
这两姐妹在外表上彼此相像。
diverse
adj.
1. 不同的,互异的
John and his brother have diverse interests.
约翰和他兄弟的兴趣迥然不同。
2. 多种多样的;多变化的
The program deals with subjects as diverse as pop music and ancient Greek drama.
这档节目涉及包括流行音乐、古希腊戏剧在内的各种题材。
transform
vt.[(+into)]
1. 使改变;使改观;将...改成
The Greggs have transformed their garage into a guest house.
格雷格一家把他们的车库改成了客房。
2. 改造;改革;改善
The situation has been greatly transformed.
形势已经大大好转。
3. 使变换
A generator transforms mechanical energy into electricity.
发电机将机械能变成电。
differ
vi.
1. 不同,相异[(+from)]
Our tastes differ from each other.
我们的嗜好不同。
2. 意见不同[(+from/with)]
That’s where we differ.
那是我们有分歧的地方。
chew
vt.
1. 嚼,咀嚼,嚼碎
He chews gum.
他嚼口香糖。
2. 深思,细想,熟虑[(+over)]
I’ll chew the problem over for a few days.
这个问题我会仔细思考几天。
He chewed over the problem for several days before making his decision.
他对这个问题详细考虑了好多天才做出决定。
vi.
1. 咀嚼[(+on)]
He can’t chew without his false teeth.
他没有假牙就嚼不动。
2. 深思,细想[(+on/upon)]
He took my offer after chewing on it.
仔细考虑后他接受了我的提议。
roast
vt.
1. 烤,炙,烘
He roasted a chicken for dinner.
他烤了一只鸡作晚餐。
2. 烤得使变热(或烫),烘暖
The sun was roasting us.
太阳炙烤着我们。
3. 【口】严厉批评,痛斥
They got roasted for losing the game.
他们因比赛失利而遭到严厉批评。
vi.
1. 烤,炙.烘
The beef is roasting in the oven.
烤箱里正烤着牛肉。
2. 烤得变热(或烫)
Can we open the window? I’m roasting.
我们能开窗吗?我都热死了。
n.
1. 烘烤[U][S]
Give the duck a good roast.
把这鸭子好好烤烤透。
2. 烤肉,炙肉[C][U]
We’ll do a roast for dinner.
我们晚餐吃烤肉。
3. 【美】野外烤肉聚会[C]
They had a hot dog roast last Sunday.
他们上星期天举行了一次烤热狗野餐会。
adj.
烘烤的
He is very fond of roast duck.
他很喜欢烤鸭。
barrier
n.[C]
1. 障碍物;路障,栅栏
The police put up barriers to control the crowd.
警察设置障碍物,借以控制人群。
2. 障碍,阻碍[(+to)]
They soon overcame the language barrier.
不久他们便克服了语言上的障碍。
3. 界线[(+between)]
4. 剪票口;海关关卡
Mike was stopped at the barrier because he forgot to show his ticket.
麦克在剪票口被拦住了,因为他忘记出示车票。
pointed
adj.
1. 有尖头的,尖的
His daughter has a pointed nose.
他女儿长着一个尖鼻子。
2. 尖锐的;深刻的;中肯的
pointed criticism
尖锐的批评
claw
n.[C]
1. (动物的)爪,脚爪;(蟹、虾等的)钳,螯
The owl swooped down and picked up the mouse in its claws.
猫头鹰猛扑下去用爪子抓起了老鼠。
2. 爪形器具;羊角锤;拔钉锤
3. 【贬】手
vt.
1. 用爪子抓(或撕、挖、拉等)
The rooster clawed a hole in the earth.
那只公鸡在地上扒出个洞来。
2. 费力地夺回[(+back)]
vi.
用爪子抓(或挖)[(+at)]
She clawed at my shirt in her temper.
她大发脾气一把抓住我的衬衫。
Unit 4
procedure
n.
1. 程序;手续;步骤[U][C]
The chairman was quite familiar with the procedure for conducting a meeting.
主席对开会的程序很熟悉。
The next procedure is as follows.
下一个步骤如下。
2. 常规;传统的做法[C][U]
The first step in the procedure for making a kite is to build the frame.
制作风筝的第一步是做骨架。
growth
n.
1. 生长,成长;发育[U]
Exercise and good food are important to the proper growth of a child.
运动和营养好的食物对孩子的正常发育十分重要。
2. 增长;增大;发展[U][S1]
The rate of overall industrial growth was above eight percent.
工业总增长率超过百分之八。
3. 种植,栽[U]
These are fruits of my own growth.
这些是我自己栽培的水果。
4. 生长物;产物[C][S1]
A thick growth of weeds covered the yard.
庭院长满浓密的野草。
merely
adv.
只是,仅仅,不过
That was merely a guess of mine.
那只是我的一种猜测。
classify
vt.
将...分类;将...分等级
People who work in libraries spend a lot of time classifying books.
在图书馆工作的人花大量的时间为书籍分类。
Eggs are classified according to size.
鸡蛋按大小分等级。
identification
n.
1. 认出;识别;鉴定;确认[U]
the identification of criminals by their fingerprints
凭指纹确认罪犯
2. 身份证明;身份证[U][C]
I used my driver’s license as identification.
我用驾驶执照作为身份证明。
3. 有关联;认同;一体感[U][(+with)]
The candidate’s identification with organized crimes cost him the election.
那位候选人因与集团犯罪有关联而落选。
promote
vt.
1. 晋升 [(+to)]
He certainly ought to be promoted.
他应该要提升。
2. 使(学生)升级 [(+to)]
Pupils who pass the test will be promoted to the next higher grade.
通过考试的学生将升到高一个年级去。
3. 促进;发扬;引起
The Prime Minister’s visit will promote the cooperation between the two countries.
首相的访问将促进两国间的合作。
4. 促使(法律等)通过
Promote a bill in Parliament.
促使议案在议会获得通过。
5. 【美】宣传,推销(商品等)
Your job is to promote the new product.
你的工作是促销这一新产品。
appetite
n.[U][C]
1. 食欲,胃口[(+for)]
Exercise gave her a good appetite.
运动使她胃口大增。
2. 欲望;爱好[(+for)]
At the moment she had no appetite for gossip.
此时此刻她无心闲聊。
appoint
vt.
1. 任命,指派 [(+as/to)]
They appointed him (to be) manager.
他们任命他为经理。
He appointed Williams as his deputy in the city of York.
他任命威廉斯作为他在约克市的代理人。
2. 约定,指定;安排
Our visitors arrived at the appointed time.
我们的来宾在约定的时间到达了。
calculate
vt.
1. 计算[+(that)][+wh-]
He calculated the costs very carefully.
他仔细计算开支。
2. 估计;预测;推测[+(that)][+wh-]
3. 计划,打算;使适合(某种目的) [+to-v]
His remark was calculated to hurt her.
他的话是故意要伤她的。
4. 【美】【口】以为,认为[+(that)]
I calculate they will soon arrive.
我看他们快要到了。
vi.
计算
Have you finished calculating yet?
你计算好了吗?
enterprise
n.
1. (有一定冒险性的)事业[C]
2. 冒险精神;进取心,事业心[U]
Tom is a man of great enterprise.
汤姆很有进取精神。
3. 企业,公司[C]
This enterprise is doing a good business.
这家企业生意兴隆。
accumulate
vt.
累积,积聚;积攒
They set to work accumulating a huge mass of data.
他们开始累积大量的资料。
vi.
积成堆;累积,聚积
Dust had accumulated during her absence.
她不在时灰尘积了起来。
abandon
vt.
1. 丢弃;抛弃,遗弃
The crew abandoned the burning ship.
水手们离弃了燃烧中的船。
The broken bike was found abandoned by the river side.
人们发现那辆损坏的自行车被扔在河边。
2. 放弃,中止
He finally abandoned his reformist ideas.
他终于放弃了自己的改良主义思想。
3. (与oneself连用)使放纵;使听任[(+to)]
She abandoned herself to despair.
她陷入绝望之中。
reward
n.
1. 报答;报偿;奖赏;报应[U][C]
It is unfair that he gets very little in reward for his hard work.
他工作很辛苦,报酬却很少,这不公平。
2. 酬金;赏金;奖品[C][(+for)]
A large reward is offered for the capture of the criminals.
巨额悬赏捉拿这些罪犯。
vt.
1. 报答,报偿;酬谢;奖励[(+with/for)][O1]
Winners will be rewarded a trip to England.
优胜者将获得去英国旅游的奖赏。
2. 报应;惩罚(坏人或坏事)[(+for)]
He will sooner or later be rewarded for his wicked conduct.
他的恶行迟早会受到报应。
latter
adj.
1. 后面的;后半的;末了的
This latter point was of great importance.
后面这点极为重要。
2. (两者中)后者的
Here are Tom and David; the latter is my brother.
这是汤姆和戴维;后者是我的兄弟。
3. 最近的;现今的
His health has been deteriorating in these latter years.
最近几年他的健康越来越差。
distinguish
vt.
1. 区别;识别[(+from)]
He can distinguish a genuine antique from a reproduction.
他能区别真正的古董与复制品。
2. (凭感觉器官)辨认出
I can distinguish my roommates by their footsteps.
我能根据室友的脚步声辨认出他们。
3. 使杰出;使显出特色
She distinguished herself as a black lawyer.
她成了一位杰出的黑人律师。
vi.
区别;识别;辨别[(+between)]
It is certainly important to distinguish between right and wrong.
明辨是非当然要紧。
Unit 5
convey
vt.
1.) 运送,搬运,转运[(+from/to)]
Passengers are conveyed by bus to the air terminal.
用公共汽车载送旅客前往航空站。
2.) 传播(声音等)
A wire conveys an electric current.
电线传导电流。
3.) 传达,传递,表达[(+to)][+(that)][+wh-]
I found it hard to convey my feelings in words.
我觉得难以用言语表达我的感情。
4.) 转让(财产等)[(+to)]
The old farmer conveyed his farm to his son.
老农夫将其农场转让给儿子。
advertise
vt.
1.) 为...做广告;为...宣传
If you want to sell your product you must advertise it.
如果你要推销自己的产品,你就必须做广告。
2.) 公布;通知
He advertised them of his decision to withdraw from the election.
他告知他们自己要退出选举的决定。
vi.
做(登)广告,作宣传[(+for)]
The company is advertising for typists in the newspapers.
那家公司在报纸上登广告征聘打字员。
blame
vt.
1.) 责备,指责[(+on/for)]
He blamed you for the neglect of duty.
他责备你玩忽职守。
I don’t blame you; I blame myself.
我不怪你;怪我自己。
2.) 把...归咎(于);归因于[(+on/onto)]
Don’t blame the failure on him, but on me.
别把失败归咎于他，该怪我。
n.[U]
1.） 责备,指责[(+for)]
I am ready to take the blame for the mistake.
我准备承担这一错误的责任。
2.） 责任[(+for)]
The judge put/ laid the blame for the accident on the driver of the car.
法官把事故归罪于小轿车司机。
react
vi.
1.) 作出反应,反应[(+to)]
How did she react to the news?
她对这个消息反应如何?
2.) 影响,起作用[(+on/upon)]
The two react upon each other.
这两者互相影响。
3.) 抗拒,反抗[(+against)]
Children tend to react against their parents by going against their wishes.
孩子们通常以违背父母的意愿来反抗他们。
4.) 起反作用,回过来起作用[(+on/upon)]
Unkindness often reacts on the unkind person.
恶人往往有恶报。
5.) 【化】起化学作用;【物】反应[(+with/on)]
How do acids react on metals?
酸对金属会起怎样的化学反应?
An acid can react with a base to form a salt.
酸和碱反应会产生盐。
vt.
使起(化学)反应;使发生相互作用[(+with)]
We make superphosphate by reacting rock phosphate with sulphuric acid.
我们使磷酸盐岩同硫酸发生化学反应制造过磷酸钙。
annoy
vt.
1.) 惹恼,使生气;使烦恼[(+by/at/with)]
His mother was annoyed with him for being so rude to their neighbors.
他母亲因为他对邻居如此粗暴无礼而生他的气。
2.) 打搅,困扰
These flies are annoying me.
这些苍蝇一直在打搅我。
vi.
令人讨厌(或不快)
accuse
vt.
1.) 指控,控告[(+of)]
She accused him of stealing her watch.
她控告他偷她的表。
He accused his boss of having broken his word.
他指责老板不守信。
He was accused of murder.
有人指控他谋杀。
2.) 指责,把...归咎(于)
Man often accuses nature for his own misfortunes.
人类常把自己的不幸归咎于天。
associate
vt.
1.) 联想,把...联想在一起[+with]
They associate turkey with Thanksgiving.
他们把火鸡和感恩节联系在一起。
2.) 使联合,使结合[+with]
3.) 使有联系 [+with]
I didn’t want to be associated with it at all.
我根本不想与这事有牵连。
vi.
结交,交往[+with]
He associates with all sorts of people.
他与各种各样的人交往。
Never associate with bad companions.
千万不要与坏人为伍。
get across
传播，使...被理解
I couldn’t get my point across in the debate.
在辩论中我无法清楚地表明自己的观点。
He found it difficult to get his idea across to them.
他发现他难以使他们了解他的想法。
appeal
vi.
1.) 呼吁,恳求[(+to/for)][+to-v]
He appealed to me for help.
他向我求援。
He appealed to his friends for support.
他请求朋友支持。
2. )诉诸,求助[(+to)]
We will appeal to a great variety of sources of information.
我们将求助于多种资料来源。
3.) 有吸引力,迎合爱好[W][(+to)]
The idea appealed to Mary.
这主意正合玛丽的心意。
4.) 【律】上诉[(+to/against)]
He appealed against the five-year sentence he had been given.
他对被判五年徒刑提出上诉。
vt.
【美】将...上诉,对...上诉
He appealed his case to a higher court.
他向上一级法院申诉。
n.
1. 呼吁,请求[C][U][(+to/for)]
He made one last appeal to his father to forgive him.
他最后一次恳求父亲宽恕他。
2. 吸引力,感染力[U]
These subjects have lost their appeal for most students.
对多数学生来说,这些学科已经失去了吸引力。
figure
n.[C]
1.) 外形;体形;人影
I saw a figure in the darkness.
我看到暗处有一个人影。
2.) 体态;风姿
She has an attractive figure.
她有迷人的曲线。
She has a slender figure.
她身材苗条。
3.) 人物;名人
He has become a figure known to everyone.
他已成了一个知名人物。
4.) 数字
Where did you get those figures?
你从哪儿得到那些数字的?
5.) 数量;金额;价格
His work now commands huge figures.
他的作品现在值大价钱。
6.) 图表;图解;插图
Our textbook has many figures to help explain the lessons.
我们的教科书有许多图表帮助解释课文。
7.) 画像;塑像
vt.
1.) 计算
Please help me to figure out my income tax.
请帮我算一下我的所得税。
2.) 认为,以为;估计[Y][+(that)];料到
How do you figure that?
你如何料到的?
I figure that you’d want your coffee.
我想你要喝咖啡了。
profit
n.
1.) 利润,盈利;收益,红利[C][U]
He made a profit of fifty thousand US dollars on his house.
他卖掉房子获利五万美元。
2.) 利益,益处;得益[U]
We gained a lot of profit from your advice.
我们从你的建议中获益匪浅。
vt.
有益于
Telling lies won’t profit you.
撒谎对你无益。
vi.
1.) 有益,有利
2.) 得益,获益[(+by/from)]
He learned to profit by his mistakes.
他学会了从自己的错误中获益。
We profit from the work of the specialist.
我们从专家的工作中得到益处。
attach
vt.
1.) 装上,贴上,系上[(+to)]
He’ll attach the label to your luggage.
他会把标签系在你的行李上。
2.) 使依附;使附属[(+to)]
This hospital is attached to the medical college nearby.
这个医院附属附近的那所医学院。
3.) (与oneself连用)使参加;使附着[(+to)]
He attached himself to the expedition.
他参加了那个探险队。
4.) 把...归于[(+to)]
How can you attach the blame for this accident to the taxi-driver?
你怎么能把这次事故的责任归于出租车司机呢?
vi.
1.) 附属;附加[(+to)]
2.) 归属[(+to)]
The blame for this accident attaches to the man who drove under the influence.
这起事故的责任应由酒后开车的那个人承担。
3.) 伴随[(+to)]
Those are advantages that attach to the profession.
那些都是从事该职业的种种有利条件。
discount
n.[C][U]
折扣;打折扣
We give a special discount of 10 per cent for cash.
如用现金购买,我们给予九折优待。
vt.
1.) 将...打折扣;将商品打去...折扣
That store discounts all its slow-selling goods.
那家商店削价出售所有滞销货。
2.) 不全相信;怀疑地看待
You must discount much of what he says.
他说的好些话,你必须打个折扣听。
vi.
打折扣出售商品
Many stores do not discount at all.
许多商店出售商品一概不打折扣。
make sense
有意义;有道理；讲得通
This sentence doesn’t make sense.
这句子毫无意义。
It makes sense to take care of your health.
好好照顾自己是有道理的。
Unit 6
quit
vt.
1.) 离开;退出
He quitted Paris after a week.
他一周后离开了巴黎。
2.) 放弃[+v-ing]
He has quit smoking.
他已戒了烟。
3.) 解除,免除[(+of)]
She finally quit herself of fear.
她终于消除了恐惧。
4.) 【美】停止[+v-ing]
Quit muttering!
别嘀咕!
vi.
1.) 离开;迁出
If he doesn’t pay his rent, he will receive notice to quit.
如果他不付房租,他将被通知搬出去。
2.) 停止
It’s almost 5 o’clock; time to quit.
都快五点钟了;该下班了。
apply
vt.
1.) 应用;实施[(+to)]
We should apply both theories in the language classroom.
我们应把两种理论都运用到语言教室中去。
2.) 使起作用;使适用 [(+to)]
This rule can not be applied to every case.
这条规则并不是在每种情况下都能适用的。
3.) (后常接oneself)使致力(于),使专心从事[(+to)]
He applied himself to learning French.
他致力于学习法语。
vi.
1.) 申请,请求[(+for/to)][+to-v]
He has applied for a post in England.
他已申请在英国供职。
2.) 起作用;适用 [(+to)]
This rule applies to freshmen only.
此项规定仅适用于大学一年级学生。
assessment
n.
1.) (为征税对财产所作的)估价[U]
2.) 被估定的金额[C]
my tax assessment for 1994
我一九九四年的税额
3.) 评价;估计[C]
He made a careful assessment of the situation.
他对形势作了细致的评估。
assess
vt.
1.) (为征税)估定(财产)的价值[(+at)]
The value of this property was assessed at one million dollars.
这财产的价值估定为一百万元。
2.) 确定(税、罚款、赔偿金等)的金额
assess damage after an accident
事故后确定损害赔偿金额
3.) 对...进行估价,评价
It is too early to assess the effects of the new legislation.
现在来评价新法规的效果为时尚早。
burden
n.[C]
1.) 重负,重担;负担,沉重的责任
The old man bent with a heavy burden on his back.
老人因背着重负而弯腰。
2. )(船的)装载吨数,吨位[the S][(+of)]
vt.
1.) 加重压于,加负担于,烦扰[(+with)]
The government burdened the nation with heavy taxes.
政府使国民负担重税。
2.) 加负荷于,使载重[(+with)]
He was burdened with a large bundle of magazines.
他吃力地捧着一大捆杂志。
desperate
adj.
1.) 情急拼命的,铤而走险的
A desperate man will stop at nothing to get what he wants.
一个亡命之徒为了达到自己的目的什么事都做得出来。
2.) 危急的;绝望的
He was desperate when he lost all his money.
当他丢了所有的钱时,他绝望了。
3.) 极度渴望的[F][(+for)][+to-v]
He was desperate for work to provide for a large family.
他渴望有个工作,挣钱供养子女众多的家。
accustomed
sb’s accustomed cheerfulness 某人一贯的乐观情绪
be accustomed to working/ to work hard 习惯于苦干
relief
n.
1.) (痛苦,负担等的)缓和,减轻;解除[U] [(+of/from/on)]
The pills gave her some relief.
药片减轻她一些痛苦。
2.) 轻松,宽心,慰藉[U]
Hearing the news, he breathed a sigh of relief.
一听到消息,他如释重负地松了口气。
3.) 救济物品,救济金[U]
Relief was flown to the flood-hit areas.
救济物品被空运到洪水泛滥区。
deliver
vt.
1.) 投递;传送;运送[(+to)]
The mailman delivered the letters promptly.
那个邮差准时地投递信件。
2.) 发表;讲;宣布
He delivered an important report at the meeting.
他在会上作了重要报告。
3.) 给...接生;生(婴儿)
She delivered twins in the evening.
晚上她生了一对双胞胎。
4.) 解救;解脱;释放[(+from)]
Education delivered him from ignorance.
教育把他从无知中解救出来。
vi.
1.) 投递;送货;传送
2.) 履行,实现[(+on)]
I am certain that he will deliver on his promise.
我确信他会履行诺言。
Unit7
care for
1.) 喜欢
Would you care for a drink?
你想来点喝的吗?
2.) 照料
Who will care for the house while the family is away?
全家人都不在时,由谁照料这间房子呢?
3.) 计较,在意
He doesn’t care for what he eats.
他对吃的东西并不计较。
conscience
n.
良心;道义心;善恶观念[C][U]
I got nothing to hide. My conscience is clear.
我没有什么隐瞒的。我问心无愧。
anyway
adv.
1.) 【口】无论如何,不管怎样,至少,反正
That wasn’t my fault, anyway.
反正那不是我的过错。
It may rain, but we shall go anyway.
也许会下雨,可我们无论如何要去。
2.) 不论以何种方式,不论从何种角度
You can do the job anyway you want.
这工作你想怎么干都行。
3.) 随便地,草率地
He dumped the tools in the box just anyway.
他把工具随随便便往箱子里一扔。
admit
vt.
1.) 承认[+v-ing][+(that)]
You must admit the task to be difficult.
你得承认这个任务是艰巨的。
We have to admit that he’s a highly competent man.
我们必须承认他是个非常能干的人。
I admitted breaking the window.
我承认打破了窗子。
2.) 准许进入;准许...进入(或加入)[(+into/to)]
No one but ticket-holders was admitted.
只有持票者方可入内。
3.) 容许;可容纳
The theater admits 1000 people.
这剧院可容纳一千人。
vi.
1.) 承认[(+to)]
I must admit to feeling ashamed of my conduct.
我得承认因自己的行为而感到羞惭。
2.) 容许,有余地[(+of)]
This matter admits of no delay.
这事不容耽搁。
clap
vt.
1.) 拍(手),鼓(掌);为...鼓掌
The audience clapped the pianist heartily.
听众热情地为钢琴演奏者鼓掌。
2.) 轻拍,击[(+on)]
He clapped the champion on the back and congratulated him.
他拍拍冠军的肩背,向他祝贺。
vi.
拍手,鼓掌
The chairperson clapped to attract our attention.
主席拍手以唤起我们的注意。
n.
1. 拍手喝彩(声)[S]
They gave the speaker a clap.
他们向演讲人鼓掌。
2. 霹雳声;破裂声;拍击声[C]
A clap of thunder reverberated through the house.
一声雷鸣在屋子里回响。
abundant
adj.
1.) 大量的;充足的
abundant rainfall
充沛的雨量
2.) 丰富的;富裕的[(+in)]
The country is abundant in natural resources.
那个国家自然资源丰富。
occupy
vt.
1.) 占领,占据
The enemy soon occupied the town.
敌人很快占领了这个城镇。
2.) 占(时间,空间);占用;住
Reading occupies most of my free time.
阅读占去了我空闲时间的大部分。
The bathroom is occupied.
浴室有人在用。
3.) (常与oneself连用或作被动式)使忙碌,使从事[(+in/with)]
This game will keep the children occupied.
这个游戏让孩子有得忙了。
She is occupied in writing a novel.
她忙于写小说。
He occupied himself with various research projects.
他终日从事各种研究计划。
ambition
n.
1.) 雄心,抱负[U][C]; 野心[U][C]
Her son was filled with ambition to become a great inventor.
她儿子一心想成为伟大的发明家。
2.) 追求的目标[C]
Her ambition was to become a film star.
她一心追求的是做电影明星。
Unit8
motivation
n.
1.) 动力，动机
the motivation for learning
学习的动力
2.) 积极性;干劲
She insists her success is due to motivation rather than brilliance.
她坚称自己取得的成就靠的是干劲，而不是才智。
stick
vt.
1.) 刺;戮;刺死
stick a pig 宰猪
2.) 钉住;插牢
stick a butterfly钉制蝴蝶标本
3.) 粘贴;张贴
They stuck the notice on the wall.
他们把通知贴在墙上。
4.) 【口】放置
Her younger sister helped her stick a flower in her hair.
她妹妹帮她把一朵花插在头发上。
5.) 伸,伸出
Don’t stick your head out of the train window.
不要把头伸出火车窗外面。
6.) 使停止;阻塞
The ship has been stuck here for a week by bad weather.
由于天气恶劣，船只被阻在此已经一周。
vi.
1.) 粘住;钉住
This stamp won’t stick.
这张邮票贴不上。
2.) 陷住;梗塞;被困住
A fish-bone stuck in his throat.
他喉咙里卡了一根鱼刺。
acquire
vt.
1.) 取得,获得
The museum has just acquired a famous painting by Pablo Picasso.
该美术馆刚刚获得一幅毕加索的名画。
Gradually we acquired experience in how to do the work.
我们逐步获得了做这工作的经验。
2.) 学到;养成
She has mastered English grammar and acquired a large vocabulary without the help of a teacher.
她在没有老师指导的情况下,掌握了英语语法,学到了大量词汇。
acquisition
n.
1.) 获得,取得[U]
He devotes his time to the acquisition of knowledge.
他把时间用在获取知识上。
2. 获得物;增添的人(或物)[C]
This dress is Amy’s new acquisition.
这衣服是艾米新添置的。
instruct
vt.
1.) 指示,命令,吩咐
He instructed me to deliver it to a customer.
他吩咐我把东西送去给顾客。
2.) 教授;训练;指导[(+in)]
My job is to instruct her in English.
我的工作是教她英语。
3.) 通知,告知
My agent has instructed me that you still owe me $150.
我的代理人告诉我你还欠我一百五十美元。
anxious
adj.
1.) 焦虑的,挂念的[(+about/at/for)]
I’m anxious about her safety.
我对她的安全担心。
2.) 令人焦虑的
The week of the flood was an anxious time for all of us.
闹水灾的那一星期是使我们大家都焦虑不安的日子。
3.) 渴望的[F][(+for)][+to-v][+that]
We’re anxious for your safe return.
我们盼望你平安归来。
We were anxious that there be no misunderstanding.
我们极愿没有误解。
I could see that she was anxious for Laura to go.
我看得出她巴望劳拉去。
I’m really anxious to see him.
我急于见他。
secure
adj.
1.) 安全的,无危险的[(+from/against)]
Now my house is secure against burglary.
现在我的房子无被盗窃之危险。
2.) 安心的,无忧虑的[(+about)]
You have made me feel secure.
你使我觉得放心。
3.) 有把握的,确定无疑的[(+of)]
Our success is secure.
我们的成功是有把握的。
adopt
vt.
1.) 采取;采纳;吸收
After much deliberation, the president decided to adopt her suggestion.
总经理再三考虑之后,决定采纳她的建议。
2.) 过继,收养[(+as)]
Mr. Kern adopted the orphan as his own son.
克恩先生将那孤儿收养为自己的儿子。
3.) 正式通过,接受
The agenda was adopted after some discussion.
经过讨论,议事日程获得通过。
level
n.
1.) 水平线;水平面[C]
The village is 1,000 meters above sea level.
这村子海拔一千米。
2.) 高,高度[C][U]
The flood rose to a level of 50 feet.
洪水涨到五十英尺高。
3.) (文化等的)水平,程度,标准[C][U]
These students have not reached an advanced level yet.
这些学生尚未达到高级班的程度。
4.) 级别;地位[C]
They are holding a conference at ministerial level.
他们正在举行部长级会议。
association
n.
1.) 协会,公会,社团[C]
Have you joined the teachers’ association?
你加入教师协会了吗?
2.) 联合,结合;交往[U][(+with)]
I benefited much from my association with him.
我跟他的交往中获益匪浅。
3.) 联想,联想物[C][U]
What association do you have with the color green?
绿色会使你产生什么联想?
appropriate
adj.
适当的,恰当的,相称的[(+to/for)]
She picked up a dress appropriate for the occasion
她挑了一件适合该场合穿的衣服。
Unit 9
abuse
vt.
1.) 滥用,妄用
He abused his power while in office.
他在职时滥用权力。
2.) 辱骂;毁谤
You are always abusing and offending people.
你总是出言不逊得罪人。
3.) 虐待,伤害
Those captives were physically abused.
那些俘虏遭受了肉体上的摧残。
n.
1.) 滥用,妄用[C][U]
There is no freedom that is not open to abuse.
任何自由都可能被滥用。
2.) 辱骂[U]
She greeted me with a stream of abuse.
她一见我就吐出一连串的污言秽语。
3.) 虐待;伤害[U]
Child abuse is widespread in this country.
这个国家虐待孩子的情况很普遍。
insurance
n.
1.) 保险;保险契约[U] 保险业[U]
I found a job selling insurance.
我找到一份推销保险的工作。
She works in insurance.
她从事保险业。
2.) 保险金额;赔偿金[U][(+on)]
He has $100,000 life insurance, which his wife will receive if he dies first.
他有十万美元的人寿保险,如果他先去世,他的妻子将得到这笔钱。
3.) 预防措施;安全保证[U][S1][(+against)]
I bought some new locks as an additional insurance against burglary.
我买了一些新锁具以进一步防止盗窃。
4.) 保险费[U]
The insurance on my house is very high.
我的房屋保险费很高。
allowance
n.
1.) 津贴,补贴;零用钱[C]
The child has a weekly allowance of five dollars.
这孩子每星期有五元零用钱。
2.) 分配额;允许额[C]
His allowance for food is $100.
他拨出一百美元用于购买食物。
3.) 承认;允许[U]
the allowance of a claim
对要求权的允准
4.) 认可;容忍[C][U]
the allowance of segregation
对种族隔离的容忍
pressure
n.
1.) 压;按;挤;榨[U]
The small box was flattened by the pressure of the heavy book on it.
小盒子被这本厚厚的书压扁了。
2.) 压力;压迫;紧迫;催促[U][C]
He works well under pressure.
他在有压力的情况下工作很出色。
3.) 困扰;艰难[U]
These old people are unaccustomed to the pressure of modern life.
这些老人不习惯现代生活的紧张压力。
consult
vt.
1.) 与...商量
I’ll do nothing without consulting you.
我采取行动之前一定和你商量。
2.) 找(医生)看病;请教
He went to town to consult his doctor.
他进城去看医生。
3.) 查阅(词典、参考书等)
He consulted his notebook repeatedly during his speech.
他讲演时不断看他的笔记本。
vi.
1.) 商议,磋商[(+with)]
We will consult together about her education.
我们将一起商议她的教育事宜。
2.) 当顾问[(+for)]
The retired executive consults for several large companies.
那位退休的总裁在好几家大公司当顾问。
fee
n.
1.) (付给律师、医生等的)酬金,服务费[C]
I’m afraid I can’t afford the doctor’s fee.
恐怕我付不起给医生的酬金。
2.) 费(如学费、会费、入场费等)[C]
They charge a small registration fee.
他们收一点注册费。
3.) 赏金,小帐[C]
vt.
付费(或小帐)给
She feed the waiter.
她付给侍者小费。
significance
n.
1.) 重要性, 重要[U]
The proposals they put forward at the meeting were of little significance.
他们在会上提出的建议无足轻重。
2.) 意义, 含义; 意思[U][S]
He did not understand the significance of my wink.
他没有领会我眨眼的意思。
devotion
n.
1.) 献身;奉献[U][(+to)]
We appreciated his devotion of time and money to the project.
我们感谢他为这一项目花费的时间和金钱。
His devotion to science is well known.
他对科学的献身精神为人熟知。
2.) 忠诚;挚爱,热爱[U][(+to/for)]
devotion to music
热爱音乐
Unit 10
outcome
n.
结果;结局;后果[S1][(+of)]
I think there can be but one outcome to this affair.
我认为这件事只可能有一种结局。
She was satisfied with the outcome of her efforts.
她对自己努力的结果很满意。
weep
vi.
1.) 哭泣,流泪[(+over/for)]
The girl wept over her sad fate.
那女孩为自己悲惨的命运而哭泣。
Mother wept for joy.
母亲高兴得流眼泪。
2.) 悲叹,哀悼[(+over/for)]
We all wept in silence for the deceased.
我们都默默为死者哀悼。
vt.
流(泪);哭泣
The little girl wept herself to sleep.
小女孩哭着哭着入睡了。
n.
哭泣
furnish
vt.
1.) 给(房间)配置(家具等);装备[(+with)]
How are you going to furnish the house?
你将如何布置房子?
2.) 供应;提供[(+with/to)]
I’ll furnish you with all you need.
我将提供你所需要的一切。
attend to
1.) 注意;致力于
You should attend better to your studies.
你应该更专心于学习。
2.) 关心;照料;护理
The nurse is attending to a sick man.
护士正在照料病人。
do up
1.) 修理
The room needs doing up.
这房子需要修缮。
2.) 使穿上
She was done up in her Sunday best.
她穿着节日盛装。
3.) 使精疲力尽
He was done up after the long trip.
长途旅行后他精疲力尽。
pale
a.
1.) 苍白的,灰白的
She was pale with fear.
她吓得脸色发白。
2.) (颜色)淡的
Her beauty seemed pale beside Mary’s.
她的美貌与玛丽的相比似乎显得黯然失色。
He wore a pale blue tie.
他戴一条浅蓝色的领带
approve
vt.
1.) 赞成,同意;赞许
The professor does not approve the government’s foreign policy.
那位教授不赞成政府的外交政策。
2.) 批准;认可
The city council has now approved the scheme for the erection of a new public library.
市议会业已核准建造一座新的公共图书馆的计划。
vi.
赞成;赞许 [(+of)]
I’m afraid your parents won’t approve of your going there.
我担心你父母不会赞成你到那儿去。
shave
vt.
1.) 剃去...上的毛发;刮(脸)等
shave one’s face
刮脸
2.) 刮(胡子等)[(+off/away)]
He shaved off his beard.
他剃掉了胡须。
vi.
1.) 修面,刮脸
He shaves every morning.
他每天早晨刮脸。
2.) 挤过,勉强通过
He shaved through the math exam.
他勉强通过了数学考试。
n.[C]
1.) 剃刀,刮胡刀;刨刀
2.) 修面,刮脸[S]
I need a shave.
我需要修面。
comb
n.[C]
1.) 梳子;(羊毛等的)毛刷,马鬃刷
2.) 女人头发上梳状的饰物
3.) (用梳子)梳理[S]
My hair needs a good comb.
我的头发需要好好梳理一番。
vt.
1.) 用梳子梳理
The mother combed the child’s hair.
母亲梳理了孩子的头发。
2.) 彻底搜查[(+for)]
We combed the city to look for our lost dog.
我们搜遍了全城寻找我们走失了的狗。
at length
1.) 最后,终于
At length, we began to understand what she wanted.
最后,我们总算弄清楚她到底要什么。
2.) 详细地
He talked at length about his work.
他详细地谈了他的工作。
flash
vt.
1.) 使闪光;使闪烁[(+at)]
Why is that driver flashing his lights at me?
那个司机为何用灯照我?
2.) (向...)闪现出[(+at)]
I flashed a warning glance at them.
我向他们投去警告性的一瞥。
3.) (火速地)发出(电报,电讯等);使迅速传遍
The news was flashed around the world.
这一消息迅速传遍世界各地。
vi.
1.) 闪光,闪烁
The stars flashed in the night sky.
夜空中群星闪烁。
2.) (想法等)掠过,闪现
A thought flashed through my mind.
我脑子里闪过一个想法。
3. 飞驰,掠过
A car flashed by.
一辆汽车疾驰而过。
n.
闪烁,闪光[C]
There was a flash of lightning a moment ago.
刚才有一道闪电。
simplify
vt.
简化,精简;使单纯;使平易
The subject is immensely complex, and hard to simplify.
这个题目非常复杂,并且很难简化。
Unit 11
criterion/ criteria(pl)
n.
(判断、批评的)标准,准则,尺度[C]
What criteria do you use when judging the quality of a student’s work?
你用什么标准来衡量学生的学业?
summary
adj.
1.) 概括的,扼要的
He gave a summary report of the day’s events.
他对一天的事件作了简要的报告。
2.) 实时的;草率的;即决的,简易的
The government took summary action to aid the earthquake victims.
政府即刻采取行动救济地震灾民。
n.
总结,摘要,一览[C][(+of)]
He made a summary of the case.
他为这个案件做了一个摘要。
percentage
n.
1.) 百分率,百分比[C] [(+of)]
What percentage of children were absent?
缺席的学童占百分之几?
2.) 比例;部分[C]
Each of them got a percentage of the profits.
他们每个人都得到一部分利润。
3.) 【口】好处,利益[U]
There is no percentage in arguing with him.
同他争论于事无补。
suspect
vt.
1.) 疑有,察觉
The tiger suspected danger and ran away.
老虎意识到危险便逃跑了。
2.) 怀疑,不信任
We suspected their honesty.
我们不相信他们是诚实的。
3.) 怀疑(某人犯有过错)[+of] [+(that)]
The police suspected that Bill did it.
警察怀疑那件事是比尔干的。
4.) 猜想;料想 [+(that)]
I suspect they’ll come.
我想他们会来的。
n.
嫌疑犯;可疑分子[C]
adj.
可疑的;受到怀疑的;不可信的[(+of/to/with)]
His motives were suspect with others.
他的动机受到其他人的怀疑。
cater
vi.
1.) 提供饮食;承办宴席[(+for)]
He runs a restaurant and also caters for weddings and parties.
他经营饭店,还承办婚礼和宴会酒席。
2.) 满足需要(或欲望);迎合,投合[(+for/to)]
Those newspapers cater to the lowest tastes.
那些报纸迎合最低级的趣味。
vt.
为...提供饮食,承办(宴会等)的酒席
Who’s catering your daughter’s wedding?
谁给你女儿承办婚宴?
temporary
adj.
临时的;暂时的,一时的
Ellen has got a temporary job.
艾伦找到一份临时工作。
n.[C]
1.) 临时工,临时雇员
She works in the office as a temporary.
她在办公室做临时雇员。
2.) 临时事物;临时房屋
The wartime temporaries will be replaced by permanent homes.
那些战时临时住房将被永久性住宅代替。
expectation
n.
1.) 期待;预期[U][C]
The dog wagged its tail in expectation of a bone.
那条狗摇着尾巴,巴望吃肉骨头。
2.) 期望,预期的事物(pl.)
The reward fell short of our expectations.
奖励不符我们的希望。
3.) 前程(pl.)
a young artist with great expectations
有远大前程的青年艺术家
division
n.
1.) 分开,分割[U][(+into)]
The compilers agreed upon a division of the textbook into twelve units.
编写者都同意把教科书分成十二个单元。
2.) 分配,分派[U][(+between/among)]
The thieves quarrelled about the division of their stolen goods.
这些贼为分偷来的物品而争吵。
3.) 【数】除(法)[U]
The boy has learnt to do division.
这个小男孩已学会做除法。
compromise
n.
1.) 妥协,和解[C][U][(+between)]
I hope we shall come to a compromise.
我希望我们能达成妥协。
2.) 妥协方案,折衷办法;折衷物[C]
The interior decoration of the house is a compromise between Chinese and foreign styles.
这所房子的内部装饰是中西两式的折衷物。
vt.
1.) 互让解决(分歧等)
2.) 连累,危及
You will compromise your good name if you associate with these people.
你如果与这些人交往就会损害你的好名声。
3.) 放弃(原则等);泄露(秘密等)
He refused to compromise his principles.
他拒绝放弃原则。
vi.
妥协,让步[(+on)]
They found it wiser to compromise with her.
他们觉得与她妥协更明智。
dynamic
adj.
1.) 力的;动力的
a dynamic load
动力荷载
2.) 能动的;动态的
a dynamic verb
动态动词
3.) 有活力的;有生气的;强有力的
a dynamic young businessman
生气勃勃的年轻商人
embarrass
vt.
1.) 使窘;使不好意思,使局促不安 [(+with/by)]
Arthur seemed embarrassed by the question.
亚瑟似乎被这个问题弄得有些窘迫。
2.) 使负债;使拮据
A large family embarrassed him.
他子女多,这使他经济拮据。
3.) 妨碍,阻碍
Wearing the heavy coat embarrassed his movements.
穿着厚大衣妨碍了他的行动。
contradictory
adj.
1.) 矛盾的,对立的[(+to)]
The prisoner’s statement was contradictory to the one he’d made earlier.
那个囚犯的供词与早些时候说的相矛盾。
2.) 好反驳的,喜争辩的
a contradictory nature
爱斗嘴的讨厌本性
n.[C]
1.) 矛盾因素,对立物
2.) 【逻】矛盾命题;否定项
violent
adj.
1.) 激烈的;猛烈的;强烈的
The boat sank in a violent storm at sea.
船在海上强烈的风暴中沉没。
2.) 由暴力引起的;暴力的[Z]
She died a violent death.
她惨遭横祸。
3.) 极端的,极度的
A violent impatience overcame him.
他变得极不耐烦。
4.) 狂暴的,凶暴的
The madman was violent and had to be locked up.
这疯子十分凶暴,只好把他锁起来。
resign
vt.
1.) 放弃,辞去
The general resigned his commission.
将军辞去了他的职务。
2.) 把...托交给,委托[(+to/into)]
She resigned her children to the care of her sister.
她把孩子交给她妹妹照管。
3.) 使听从,使顺从[(+to)]
He is resigned to his fate. 或 He resigned himself to his fate.
他听天由命。
vi.
辞职[(+from)]
The simplest thing is for him to resign at once.
最简单的做法就是他立即辞职。
definite
adj.
1.) 明确的,确切的
She made no definite answer.
她没有作确定的回答。
2.) 一定的,肯定的
It’s definite that he’ll be late again.
他肯定又要迟到。
3.) 限定的
congratulate
vt.
1.) 祝贺;恭喜[(+on/upon)]
I congratulate you on your great discovery.
我祝贺你的伟大发现。
I want to congratulate you with all my heart.
我衷心地祝贺你。
2.) (后接oneself)自我庆幸[(+on)]
He congratulated himself on having survived the air-crash.
他庆幸自己在空难中幸免于死。
finance
n.
1.) 财政;金融;财政学[U]
He got the position on the strength of his skill in finance.
他凭着自己的理财本领得到了这个职位。
2.) (对事业的)资金支援[U]
3.) 财源;资金;(国家的)岁入;财务情况[P]
The country’s finances have improved.
这个国家财政状况改善了。
vt.
供资金给;融资,为...筹措资金
Our project is adequately financed.
我们的工程资金充足。
vi.
筹措资金
We are financing for the housing project.
我们在为住宅计划筹措资金。
decline
vi.
1.) 下降,下跌;减少;衰退,衰落
As one grows older one’s memory declines.
人的记忆力随着年龄增长而衰退。
Unemployment declined to 4 percent last month.
上个月失业率降至百分之四。
2.) 【书】倾斜;下垂
3.) 婉拒;谢绝
vt.
1.) 婉拒;谢绝[+to-v]
She declined their invitation.
她婉拒了他们的邀请。
She declined to have lunch with her friend, saying that she wasn’t feeling well.
她说她身体不舒服,婉拒了与她的朋友共进午餐。
2. )【语】使发生词尾变化,使变格
n.
1.) 下降;减少[S1]
There is a decline in real wages.
实际工资有所减少。
2.) 衰退,衰落[the S]
3.) 倾斜[the S]
oral
adj.
1.) 口头的,口述的
An oral agreement is not enough; we must have a written promise.
只有口头协议是不够的;我们必须有一个书面承诺。
He passed his German oral exam.
他通过了德文口试。
2.) 口的,口部的
The oral opening in an earthworm is small.
蚯蚓的口是很小的。
3.) (药)口服的
The doctor prescribed an oral dose of medicine.
医生开了一剂口服药。
Unit 12
load
n.[C]
1.) 装载;担子
The load on that beam is more than it will bear.
那根梁上的载重超过了它所能承受的量。
2.) (精神方面的)负担;重任
The good news has taken a load off my mind.
听了这个好消息我就放心了。
3.) (车,船等的)装载量;一车(或一船等)货物
The truck was carrying a load of sand.
卡车装运一车沙子。
4.) (电机等的)负载,负荷
5.) 工作量
Measures have been taken to lighten the load of the hospital doctors.
业已采取措施减轻医院医生的负担。
vt.
1.) 装,装载[(+with)]
The dockers are loading the ship with coal.
码头工人正把煤装上船。
2.) 把弹药装入(枪,炮);把胶卷装入(照相机)
Don’t forget to load your camera.
别忘了给你的相机装胶卷。
3.) 使摆满;使充满;使长满 [(+with)]
The air was loaded with soot.
空气充满煤烟。
4.) 大量给予[(+with)]
His brothers and sisters loaded him with books.
他的哥哥姐姐送给他许多书。
vi.
1.) 装货[(+up)]
Have they finished loading up yet?
他们把货物装完了吗?
2.) 上子弹
The soldiers loaded and fired.
士兵们装上子弹便射击。
compulsory
adj.
1.) 必须做的;义务的;必修的
Is English a compulsory subject?
英语是必修科目吗?
Education is compulsory for children in most countries.
多数国家对儿童实施义务教育。
2.) 强制的,强迫的
compulsory legislation
强制性立法
tendency
n.[C]
1.) 倾向;癖性;天分[(+to/toward)][+to-v]
He has a tendency towards pessimism.
他有悲观的倾向。
Bob has a tendency to exaggerate things.
鲍勃有爱夸张的倾向。
2.) 趋势,潮流[(+to/toward)][+to-v]
There is a tendency towards regional cooperation.
有一种地区性合作的趋势。
3.) 倾向;意向
His new magazine has anarchic tendencies.
他的新杂志有无政府主义倾向。
drop out
1.) 脱离
Luckily, I dropped out before the deal turned sour.
很幸运的,在交易变坏前我已退出了。
One of my teeth has dropped out.
我的一只牙齿掉了。
2.) 退出;退学
She dropped out of school to become a waitress.
她退学去当女招待。
expand
vt.
1.) 展开,张开(帆,翅等)
The eagle expanded its wings.
老鹰展开翅膀。
2.) 使膨胀;使扩张
3.) 扩大;扩充;发展
He is thinking of expanding his business.
他正考虑扩展他的生意。
4.) 详述
They have expanded my view on the question.
他们已更充分地阐明了我对这个问题的观点。
vi.
1.) 展开,张开
2.) 扩张;发展;增长
In ten years the city’s population expanded by 12%.
十年之中,该城人口增加了百分之十二。
3.) 膨胀
Water expands when it freezes.
水结冰时体积膨胀。
A tire expands when you pump air into it.
轮胎打了气就会胀大。
4.) 详细说明[(+on/upon)]
distribute
vt.
1.) 分发;分配[(+to/among)]
They had distributed the lands among the peasants.
他们把土地分给农民。
2.) 散布,分布[(+over)]
This species of butterfly is widely distributed over our country.
这种蝴蝶在我国分布很广。
3.) 把...分类
4.) 分,分开[(+into)]
The teacher distributed the pupils into three groups.
老师把学生分成三组。
donate
vt.
捐献,捐赠[(+to)]
She donated her books to the library.
她把自己的书捐赠给图书馆。
n.
捐献,捐赠[(+to/towards)]
curriculum
n.[C]
1.) 学校的全部课程
The student is very knowledgeable because he also studies things not in the curriculum.
这个学生知识很丰富,因为在学校课程以外他还学习别的东西。
2.) (一门)课程
The professor is busy preparing his chemistry curriculum plan.
这位教授正忙于准备他的化学课程计划。
profession
n.
1.) (尤指受过良好教育或专门训练者,如律师、医生、教师的)职业[C]
She intends to make teaching her profession.
她打算以教书为业。
2.) 同业,同行[the S][G]
The teaching profession claim that they are badly paid.
教师同行们声称待遇太差。
He is a leading member of the medical profession.
他是医疗业中首屈一指的医生。
3.) 声明;表白[C][(+of)]
She did not believe in his professions of love.
她不相信他的爱情表白是真的。
advocate
vt.
拥护;提倡;主张[+v-ing]
He advocates reforming the prison system.
他主张改良监狱制度。
obtain
vt.
得到,获得
He failed to obtain a scholarship.
他没有获得奖学金。
They obtained a loan from the government.
他们从政府那里得到一笔贷款。
vi.
得到公认;通用;流行;存在
Those conditions no longer obtain.
那些情形已不存在。
The custom still obtains in some areas.
某些地区仍保留着这一习俗。
select
vt.
选择,挑选,选拔[(+for/from)][O2]
Mr. Reed has been selected to represent us on the committee.
里德先生代表我们已被选入委员会。
He selected a team for the special task.
他为这项特殊任务挑选了一组人马。
vi.
做出选择,挑选
adj.
1.) 挑选出来的;精选的
A select group of their friends was invited to the wedding.
他们的经过挑选的一群朋友应邀参加婚礼。
2.) 上等的,优等的,卓越的
She only stays at select hotels.
她只住一流旅馆。
suit
n.
(一套)衣服[C]
I picked out a black suit.
我挑了一套黑色西装。
vt.
1.) 适合,中...的意
Would Friday morning suit you?
星期五早上对你合适吗?
The arrangement suited us both.
这个安排对我们两人都合适。
2.) (不用被动式)与...相配,与...相称
This dress suits you beautifully.
这件衣服你穿非常合适。
3.) 使合适;使适应[(+to)]
Her speech was well suited to the occasion.
她的讲话在这个场合十分得体。
vi.
1.) 合适,适当
Will that time suit?
这时间合适吗?
2.) 相称;彼此协调[(+to/with)]
The position suits with his abilities.
这个职位与他的能力相称。
Unit 13
reception
n.
1.) 接待,接见;欢迎[S1]
Jim had an enthusiastic reception when he returned home.
吉姆回家时受到了热情的接待。
2.) 接待会;欢迎会;宴会[C]
Our school gave a reception to our new principal.
我们学校为新校长举行了欢迎会。
3.) 接受;接纳;感受,反应[U]
Her calm reception of the bad news surprised her friends.
她听到坏消息镇定自若,令她的朋友们惊奇。
4.) 【英】接待处[U]
Leave your key at reception.
把你房门的钥匙留在接待处。
5.) (无线电、电视的)接收;接收(传真)品质,收听(或收视)效果[U]
Reception improved because of the new antenna.
接受效果因有新天线而得到改善。
considerate
adj.
体贴的;体谅的;考虑周到的[(+of/to/toward)]
He was considerate of everyone.
他对大家都很体贴。
splendid
adj.
1.) 有光彩的;灿烂的
The king was wearing a splendid golden crown.
国王戴着光彩夺目的金王冠。
2.) 壮丽的;辉煌的
We won another splendid victory.
我们又赢得了辉煌的胜利。
3.) 显著的;杰出的
4.) 【口】极好的;令人极其满意的
My kid sister has a splendid memory.
我小妹记忆力极好。
coincidence
n.
1.) 巧合;巧事;同时发生[U][C]
It was a coincidence that he was born on his mother’s birthday.
他在他母亲生日那天出生,真是巧事。
2.) 符合,一致[U]
Is there any coincidence between his opinions and your own?
他的意见与你自己的意见有没有一致之处?
tension
n.
1.) 拉紧,绷紧[U]
The tension was so great that the rope broke.
绳子拉得太紧绷断了。
2.) (精神上的)紧张[U]
He is suffering from nervous tension.
他正受神经紧张之苦。
3.) 紧张局势,紧张状况[P1][U]
She felt the tension as soon as she entered the room.
她一进房间就感觉到了这种紧张气氛。
theft
n.
偷窃,盗窃[U]
He was accused of theft.
他被指控偷窃。
stubborn
adj.
1.) 倔强的,顽固的;不听话的
He is as stubborn as a mule.
他像骡子一般执拗。
2.) 顽强的,不屈不挠的
The defenders put up a stubborn resistance.
防守将士进行了顽强的抵抗。
3.) 难处理的,难对付的
This lock’s rather stubborn; it needs oiling.
这把锁很难开;得给它加点油了。
4.) (病)难治好的
I had a stubborn cold and coughed day and night.
我得了很难治的感冒,日夜咳嗽。
5.) (污渍)难去掉的
This detergent can remove stubborn stains.
这种去污剂能去除难洗的污渍。
enquiry
n.[U][C]
1.) 询问;打听[(+about)]
make enquiries of somebody about something
向某人询问某事
2.) 调查[(+into)]
An official enquiry into the incident was launched.
官方对这一事件进行了调查。
After months of enquiry we finally discovered the truth.
经过几个月调查,我们最后发现了真相。
assistance
n.
援助,帮助[U][(+in)]
Your technical assistance in the project is greatly appreciated.
您对这个项目的技术援助大受赞赏。
vital
adj.
1.) 生命的;维持生命所必需的
Growth and decay are vital processes.
生长和衰亡是生命过程。
2.) 充满活力的,生气勃勃的
The Chinese I knew were trusting, open, and vital.
我所认识的中国人信赖别人,坦率,充满活力。
3.) 极其重要的,必不可少的[(+to/for)]
The questions put forward at the meeting are of vital importance.
会上提出的那些问题极其重要。
4.) 致命的;生死攸关的
He committed a vital error.
他犯了一个致命的错误。
n.[the P]
1.) (人体的)重要器官
He was lucky that the bullet missed the vitals.
他很幸运,子弹没有击中要害器官。
2.) 重要部分,要害
guilty
adj.
1) 有罪的,犯...罪的[(+of)]
He was found guilty.
他被判有罪。
2.) 有过失的[(+of)]
The manager was guilty of an important misjudgment.
经理犯了一个重大的判断错误。
3.) 自知有过错的,内疚的[(+about)]
I felt guilty after breaking my promise.
我违背诺言后感到内疚。
stain
vt.
1.) 沾污,污染[(+with)]
Blood stained the blanket.
血沾污了毯子。
2.) 玷污,败坏
His crimes stained the family honor.
他的罪行玷污了家庭的名誉。
3.) 给(木材,玻璃等)染色,给...着色
She stained the table brown.
她将桌子涂成了棕色。
vi.
变脏;被沾污
His character is without stain.
他的人品纯洁无瑕。
These carpets won’t stain easily.
这些地毯不易弄脏。
n.
污点,污迹,瑕疵[C]
He’s got an ink stain on his shirt.
他衬衫上有块墨渍。
convince
vt.
使确信,使信服;说服[(+of)]
He convinced me of his innocence.
他使我相信他是无辜的。
I was convinced that he knew the truth.
我确信他知道事实。
assume
vt.
1.) 以为;假定为;(想当然地)认为[+(that)][O2][O8][O9]
I assumed that he had gone for a stroll.
我想他去散步了。
2.) 承担;就任;取得
The prince assumed power when he was only fifteen.
王子在十五岁时就掌权了。
3.) 呈现;采取;采用
His illness assumed a very grave character.
他的病显得非常的严重。
4.) 装出,假装
He assumed a look of surprise.
他装出吃惊的神色。
cancel
vt.
1.) 删去,划掉;勾销,盖销(邮票等)
You should cancel this preposition in the sentence.
你应该删去句子中的这个介词。
2.) 取消,废除;中止
The game was cancelled because of the rain.
比赛因为下雨而取消了。
3.) 抵消,对消[(+out)]
This will cancel your debt to me.
这可抵消你欠我的债务。
4.) 【数】约去,消去[(+out)]
5.) 销(帐)[(+out)]
vi.
1.) 【数】相约,相消
2.) 互相抵消
The $5 I owed him and the $5 he owes me cancel out.
他与我各欠对方五元,正好相互抵消。
3.) 取消;中止
n.[C]
删除;取消;撤销
remark
vt.
1.) 谈到;评论;说 [+(that)]
A local newspaper remarked that crime was on the decrease.
一家地方报纸评论说犯罪案件在减少。
2.) 注意,看到;觉察
I remarked the tense atmosphere as soon as I entered the room.
我一走进房间,就觉察到了紧张的气氛。
vi.
谈论,议论;评论[(+on/upon)]
Prof. Smith remarked on the difference between the two dictionaries.
史密斯教授谈到了这两本词典的不同之处。
n.
1.) 言辞;谈论,评论[C][(+on/upon/about/at)]
He had a habit of making humorous remarks.
他有说幽默话的习惯。
2.) 注意;察觉[U]
He saw nothing worthy of remark at the exhibition.
他在展览会上没有看到值得注目的东西。
innocent
adj.
1.) 无罪的,清白的[(+of)]
He was pronounced innocent of the charge.
他被宣告无罪。
2.) 无害的
The butterfly is an innocent insect.
蝴蝶是一种无害的昆虫。
3.) 天真的,单纯的
4.) 幼稚的;头脑简单的,愚钝的
Don’t be so innocent as to believe everything he says.
不要这么天真,竟相信他所说的一切。
commit
vt.
1.) 犯(罪),做(错事等)
I committed an error in handling the business.
我在处理这一业务时犯了一个错误。
2.) 使承担义务;使作出保证;使表态[(+to)]
He didn’t commit himself to anything.
他没有作任何承诺。
3.) 把...交托给;把...提交给;把...付诸[(+to)]
The child was committed to the nurse’s care.
孩子被交给护士照顾。
4.) 把...押交;把...判处[(+to)]
The judge committed him to ten years’ imprisonment.
法官判处他十年徒刑。
straightforward
adj.
1.) 一直向前的;径直的
They took a straightforward route to the lake.
他们走了一条笔直通向湖的路。
2.) 正直的;老实的;坦率的
I must insist on your giving me a straightforward answer.
我一定要你给我一个直截了当的回答。
I’m quite a straightforward man.
我是一个非常直率的人。
3.) 简单的;易懂的;易做的
The issue is not quite straightforward as it seems.
这个问题不像看上去那么简单。
4.) 明确的,肯定的
Their responsibility is straightforward.
他们的职责是明确的。
roundabout
adj.
绕道的;(说话,做事等)绕圈子的,不直截了当的
As usual, he reached her house in a roundabout way.
一如往常,他绕道来到她的家。
She suggested it in a very roundabout way.
她很婉转地提出了这个建议。
Unit 14
transparent
adj.
1.) 透明的;清澈的
Her mother disapproves of her wearing transparent underwear.
她母亲不赞成她穿透明的内衣。
2.) 显而易见的;一目了然的[+that]
It was transparent that her pride was hurt.
很显然,她的自尊心受到了伤害。
3.) 坦率的,光明正大的
He is a man of transparent sincerity.
他是一个坦率诚恳的人。
4.) 易懂的,明晰的
I like her transparent style of writing.
我喜欢她明晰的文体。
surrounding
n.
环境;周围的事物[P]