Teaching objectives and demands:
1. Words and useful expressions:
learn the new words and expressions in this unit.
2. Everyday English for communication
Are you from...?
Where are you from?
What are you?
I am from…
3. To help the students know something about Great Britain and Ireland.
4. Language use: Manipulate listening, speaking practice
Key points:
1. Everyday English for communication
2. Words and useful expressions
3. Grammar: the grammar items that we learned in the previous units
Time arrangement:
This unit is arrangement to be finished in 5~6 teaching periods, including a unit test.
Teaching procedures:
Lesson 85
Step 1. Revision
(1) Check the homework exercises of the previous unit.
(2) Revise something about the countries, the people, the capital, the language spoken and so on. Show the following form to the Ss, let them fill in the blanks quickly.
Country Adjective People Language
England the English/ the British
Scotland Scottish English / Scottish
Ireland the Irish English/ Irish
Wales Welsh The Welsh
Germany German German
France the French French
The USA American
China
Egypt Egyptian Arabic
Greece Greek
India Hindi
Step 2. Listening
T: David and Zhou Lan are talking about Britain. Look at the sentences on the Bb, listen to the tape twice, you’ll have to fill in the gaps.
David is from__
He is__
He is not__
He speaks__
He is__
After checking the answers, let the Ss say sth. about David with books closed. They nay not look at the Bb, either.
Step 3. Reading
Show the map of islands of Britain and Ireland to the Ss. Ask them to find out Scotland quickly. Help the Ss to describe the position of Scotland and other parts of UK.
T: Scotland is in the north, and its capital is Edinburgh. It has many lakes and mountains, and is famous for its beautiful countryside. The highest mountain is in northwest Scotland. It is called Ben Nevis. It is only 1,343 metres high. Mt Jolmo Lungma is 8,848 metres high.
Get the Ss to recognize where England, Ireland, Northern Ireland are.
Step 4. Explanations to the dialogue
1. Are you English?…But you speak English! 你是英国人吗?……不过你说的是英语呢!
这两句中English的词类和词义都不同。前者是形容词，作“英国的、英格兰的”解，常用来询问国籍；后者是名词， 作“英语”解。例如：
Mary is English. She teaches us English. 玛丽是英国人，她教我们英语。
English is the language of the English. 英语是英国人的语言。
询问国籍时， 除了用“ Are you … ? (English/Chinese /Japanese…)外，还可以用以下表达法：
Are you from…?(England/China/Japan…)
Where are you from?--I'm from…(England/China/Japan…)
比较正式的说法是：“What country are you from?”--“I'm from China.”
“你是哪国人?”--“我是中国人。”
“ What nationality are you? ”--“ I'm of Chinese nationality. /My nationality is Chinese.” “你是哪国国籍”--“我是中国籍。”/“我的国籍是中国。”
2. Zhou Lan: Have you got a map to show me? I'm puzzled.
周兰：你有没有地图，给我指点一下好吗?我都被弄湖涂了。
在这篇对话中，为什么周兰在最后会说“I'm puzzled.”呢 ? 这是因为周兰缺乏有关Britain的国情知识。 虽然我们通常把“He is English.”等同于“He is British.”(他是英国人)，但严格地说，English特指英格兰人 (People of England)，而British 才是英国人的统称，这是英格兰人、苏格兰人、 爱尔兰人、威尔士人普遍可以接受的。正如英格兰( England) 只是Britain的一个部分，尽管它地大、物博、人口众多、经济发达，但它毕竟只是联合王国的一个组成部分， 不能代表Scotland、Wales和Ireland。作为这些地区的人来说， 由于民族感情的原因， 通常也不愿被说成是 English (英格兰人) ， 而愿接受Scotlish/Welsh/Irish， 或被称做 British 。 这就是为什么David说“I'm British, but I'm not English, I'm Scottish.”的缘故。
3.国家名(COUNTRY)和相应的形容词(ADJECTIVE)和该国人( PEOPLE)的名称。①the English=people of England，表示全体英格兰人， 也可指英国人，但其正式说法应是the British 。 就个体而言，男性用 Englishman(复数Englishmen)，女性用 Englishwoman( 复数Englishwomen)。
②the Scots=people of Scotland，表示全体苏格兰人。 就个体而言，男性用Scotsman(复数 Scotsmen)，女性用Scotswoman( 复数Scotswomen)。the Irish和the Welsh 的情况同此。
③the French=people of France，表示全体法国人。就个体而言，男性用Frenchman(复数Frenchmen)， 女性用 Frenchwoman(复数Frenchwomen)。
Step 5. Workbook
SB1b, Page 85, Exx.2~3. Make the students to do the exercises in Pairs, and then ask several students to give their answers. Finally check the answers with the whole class.
Homework
(1) Finish off the exercises of Lesson 85 in the workbook.
(2) Revise the key points of this lesson.
(3) Preview the next lesson.
Lesson 86 Britain and Ireland
Step 1. Revision
(1) Check the homework exercises.
(2) Revise the key points in Lesson 85.
Step 2. Lead-in
T: Do you know sth about the Great Britain, such as places of interest, people and films?
Who was the writer of Hamlet?
What is the name of the well-known university in England?
Do you know any famous football star, pop music star (groups)?
The teacher may divide the class into groups of four and let them discuss the Qs.
Step 3. Presentation
Show the map of Britain and Ireland and ask some Qs about it. Label the numbers on the map, let the Ss have a try to guess the name of each part.
1. What is the name of the sea?
2. What is the name of the northern part? What’s the name of its capital?
Altogether there are ten numbers, if the Ss cannot say them out at a time, it doesn’t matter. They can find the names after they read the text.
Step 4. Skimming
T: Read the text quickly and match the numbers on the map with the following words(Ss can discuss with their partners)
England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, Republic of Ireland, Dublin, Edinburgh, Belfast, Cardiff and London.
Check the answers with the whole class.
Step 5. Scanning
(1) Get the Ss to read the text again, then read the following statements see if they are likely to be true or false.
1. According to the text, Britain is separated from Europe by the Irish Sea. (F)
2. Both Scotland and Wales are famous for their beautiful countryside. (T)
3. England is the largest country of the UK and it lies in the southeast. (T)
4. Though there are hills in Scotland, generally speaking much of it is rather flat. (F)
5. It seldom snows in Ireland though it is wet all year round. (T)
(2) Get the Ss to read the text again, and then ask them to do Ex. 1 in the Wb in pairs. Check the answers with their books closed.
Step 6. Language points
1. The larger of the two islands is Britain, which lies to the east of Ireland.这两个岛中较大的一个是不列颠，位于爱尔兰的东面。
(1) the larger of the two islands(两个岛中较大的一个)。表示“两者中比较……的一个”用下列结构：“the+adj.比较级+of the two…”。例如：
Jack is the elder of the twins. 杰克是这对双胞兄弟中年长的一个。
Which is the more important of the two persons?
这两个人中哪一个是比较重要的人物?
(2) 句中的lie作“位于”解。lie to the east of Ireland =lie eastwards of Ireland位于爱尔兰的东面。在课文第三段的第一个句子中也有“lie to”短语：
Wales lies to the west of England. 威尔士位于英格兰的西面。
在lie后用介词to(lie to the east/west of…) 表示方位或朝向，意即“在……之东/西”)，并不强调是否接壤。例如：Britain lies to the east of Ireland.
不列颠位于爱尔兰之东。(这两个岛之间隔着爱尔兰海，并不接壤)
Wales lies to the west of England.
威尔士位于英格兰之西。(这两个部分是交界的)
如果强调二者交界则用介词on(即lie on the east/west of ……)。例如：
Wales lies on the west of England. 威尔士位于英格兰的西面。
又如：Guangdong lies to the south of Hubei. 广东在湖北以南。
(句中用介词to表示方位，不能用on， 因为广东和湖北并不接壤，中间隔着湖南。)
Guangdong lies to/on the south of Human. 广东在湖南的南面。
(既可以用介词to， 表示方位， 也可以用on ，表示两省交界。)
lie on 还可用来表示“在……河畔”，如课文第四段中的句子：
London lies on the River Thames…”(伦敦位于泰晤士河畔)。
又如：Nanjing lies on the Changjang River. 南京位于长江之滨。
此处，还可以用lie in表示“在……的境内”。例如：
Shanghai lies in the east of China. Japan lies to the east of China.
上海位于中国的东部(在境内)，日本位于中国的东方(在境外)。
2. The letters“UK” stand for “The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.” “UK”这两个字母代表“ The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland”。( 大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国)
(1) UK是(the) United Kingdom(联合王国) 两个词的首字母的缩写，常用在正式的场合。一般可用Britain或Great Britain表示英国，非正式情况下，也可以用England表示英国。
(2) stand for作“代表”、“代替”解。例如：
The UN stands for the United Nations. The U. S. A. stands for the United States of America. UN代表联合国, USA代表美国。
Each star on the flag of the United States stands for a state of the nation.
美国国旗上的每一颗星代表着美国的一个州。
3. The UK is made up of four countries. ( = There are four countries in the UK.)联合王国是由四个国家组成的。
be made up of作“由……”解。例如：
The research group is made up of 15 scientists.
这个研究小组是由十五名科学家组成的。
The British Isles is made up of two large islands and more than 5,000 small islands. 不列颠群岛是由两个大岛和五千多个小岛组成的。
Eleven players make up a football team. (or, A football team is made up of eleven players.)十一个球员组成一个足球队。(或：足球队是由十一个球员组成的。)
4. Scotland has many lakes and mountains, and is famous for its beautiful countryside. (=Scotland… is well known for its beautiful countryside.) 苏格兰有许多湖泊和山脉，并以其乡村美景著称。
be famous for作“以……而闻名”、“以……著称”解。例如：
Beijing is famous for its ancient places of interest.北京以其古老的名胜而著称。
Hangzhou is famous for the West Lake. 杭州以西湖而闻名。
5. There used to be a lot of coal mines in the south, but many of them have been closed or about to be closed. (威尔士)南部曾经有过许多煤矿， 但是其中不少煤矿已经关闭了，或濒临倒闭。
(1) “There used to be…”是“There be”结构， 有“过去常有”、“曾经有过”的意思，暗指现在不复存在了。例如：
There used to be some apple trees around here.
这一带曾经有过一些苹果树的。(暗指现在没有了)
There used to be a shop near the school, but it has been moved to another place.
学校附近曾经有一家商店，不过现在已经搬到另外的地方去了。
(2) be about to (do sth.)是“即将做某事”的意思，to 是不定式符号， 后跟动词原形。 本句中用的是不定式的被动式(…about to be closed)。例如：
Be quick! The train is about to leave. 快点，火车就要开了。
It's too late， the meeting is about to be closed. 太晚了，会议就要结束了。
6. Ireland is divided into two countries. 爱尔兰被分成两个国家。
divide vt.分开。常构成“divide A into B”结构，意为“把A分成B”。此结构的被动式是：“A is divided into B”( A被分成B份)。本句就是这种被动式。例如：
Let's divide our class into four groups. 咱们来把我们的班分成四个小组。
Wuhan is divided into three cities by the Changjang River and the Han River.
武汉市被长江和汉水分成为三个城市。
7. The southern part of the island is a separate country, called the Republic of Ireland with Dublin as its capital. 该岛南部则是另外一个国家，叫做爱尔兰共
和国，首都是都柏林。
(1) called the Republic of Ireland是过去分词短语， 在句中作定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句：“…… which is called the Republic of Ireland ”， 以补充说明先行词country。例如：
A terrible fire broke out in a big city in Brazil, called Sao Paulo.
在巴西的一个名叫圣保罗的大城市发生一场可怕的大火。
The car factory in Shanghai produces a new car called Santana.
上海的汽车工厂生产一种叫桑塔纳的新型汽车。
(2) with Dublin as its capital是介词with的复合结构， 它是由“with+n.+介词短语”构成，在这儿相当于一个定语从句，对前面的句子作补充说明。类似的例句如：
There were some boys among them, with white caps on their heads.
他们中间有着一些男孩，头上带着白帽子。
这种with的复合结构更多的是用作方式状语， 表示伴随动作或状态。
8. Generally, the weather in Britain is neither too cold in winter nor too hot in summer. 一般说来，不列颠的气候冬天不太冷，夏天不太热。
句中的“neither…nor”是连词词组，作“既不……又不……”解，常用来连接两个并列的句子成分(本句中连接两个并列的表语 cold和hot)。例如：
They are neither workers nor peasants; they're students.
他们既不是工人，也不是农民；他们是学生。(连接两个表语)
He was ill then; he could neither eat nor drink.
他那时病了；既不能吃，又不能喝。(连接两个谓语动词)
I had neither pen nor paper. How could I make notes?
我既没有笔，又没有纸。我怎么能做笔记呢?(连接两个宾语)
Neither Jack nor Mary agreed with you.
杰克和玛丽都不同意你的意见。(连接两个主语)
当neither…nor连接两个主语时， 谓语动词应同邻近的那个主语在人称和数上取得一致。如：Neither you nor he is right. ( 你和他都不对 ) 。
又如：Neither he nor you are right. (他和你都不对。)
9. Snow falls in Scotland every winter, and sometimes in England and Wales too. Falls of snow in Ireland are most unusual. 苏格兰每年冬天都下雪，英格兰和威尔士有时也下雪， 爱尔兰下雪则是非常稀罕的事。
(1) 注意，这两个句子中的falls词义相同(都作“落下”解)，但是词类不同，作用不同。 第一句中的falls 是不及物动词，作谓语；第二个句中的falls是可数名词(复数)，作主语。这种情况叫做词的转化。类似的例句如下：
The heavy falls of rain are usual in summer in my hometown.(比较：Rain usually falls heavily in summer in my hometown.)
在我的家乡， 夏天下大雨是寻常事。
此外，在美国英语中，fall还可以作名词，作“秋天”解。
(2) 第二句中的unusual是由“前缀un+usual”构成。前缀 un-有否定的意思，作“不”、“非”解。例如：
kind(仁慈的) →unkind(不仁慈的)
known(已知的) →unknown(未知的)
like(相同的) →unlike(不相同的)
lucky(幸运的) →unlucky(不幸的)
natural(自然的) →unnatural(不自然的)
necessary(必要的) →unnessary(不必要的)
practical(实际的) →unpractical(不实际的)
prepared(有准备的)→unprepared(无准备的)
real(真实的) →unreal(虚假的)
safe(安全的) →unsafe(不安全的)
Step 7. Consolidation
Get the Ss to read the text again, and then ask them to do Ex. 1 in the Wb in pairs. Check the answers with their books closed.
Let the Ss quickly go over the text again and try to fill in the form with books closed.
Describe the weather in Britain and Ireland, and then fill in the blanks.
Winter: __ summer: __
North:__ South: __
East: __ West: __
Rain: ___ Snow: __
Ireland: ___
Step 8. Workbook
Get the students to do Ex.2 and 3 in the workbook exercises individually and then check the answers with the class.
Homework
(1) Finish off the exercises of Lesson 86 in the workbook.
(1) Revise the key points of this lesson.
Lesson 87 Ireland
Step 1. Revision
(1) Check the homework exercises.
(2) Revise something about L86. Show the two forms to the Ss and ask them to retell the main idea of the text.
Let the Ss look at the map in L86 and put in the missing words (Part 2 of L87).
Step 2. Presentation
T: Where is Ireland? What’s the name of its capital? Do you want to know more about the country? Please dread L87 and decide which topic it talks about: geography / history / sports / language / food / everyday life / political life.
Step 3. Reading
(1) Go over the text and fill in the form with relevant information: (the italic parts are the possible answers)
1. The original inhabitants the Scots / Europeans
2. Features (land conditions)
poor land, enough grass, full of all sorts of fish in the seas
3. Weather rain so much, especially wet
4. Lifestyle
a. lead a simple life, live mainly on potatoes b. go to church, the church plays an important part in their lives c. be fond of music and poems
(2) Something about the terrible disease:
When: Around 1850
How: Hit the potato crops, went bad
Results: tens of thousands of people died of hunger, left Ireland and to Britain or to North America
Although separated, still kept in touch with each other.
Step 4. Language difficulties
1. Long ago, the first travellers went to Ireland from Scotland, and later from the south and west of Europe. 很早以前，首批到爱尔兰来的人是从苏格兰来的， 后来则来自南欧及西欧。
“the first+单数名词”表示“第一个”；“the first+ 复数名词”表示“第一批”。本句中的“the first travellers ”是“第一批旅行者”的意思。例如：
George Washington was the first president in the U.S.
乔治华盛顿是美国首任总统。
Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and Zhude were the first leaders in new China.
毛泽东、周恩来和朱德是新中国的首批领导人。
2. The seas around Ireland were full of all sorts of fish. (= The seas around Ireland were rich in all kinds of fish.) 爱尔兰四周的海域盛产各种各样的鱼。
(1) sea通常是不可数名词。句中用了the seas(复数)， 表示爱尔兰岛四周的水域(东临爱尔兰海，西临太平洋)。
(2) full是形容词，常用于“(be) full of”结构， 作“充满……”解。例如：
The bus was full of people; we couldn’t get on.
公共汽车挤满了人，我们上不去。
Young men, your future is full of hope. 年轻人，你们的前途是充满希望的。
In his room, there were some bookcases full of all sorts of books.
在他的房里有几个书柜，装满着各种各样的书。
(3) all sorts of (=all kinds of)各种各样的……。例如：
A car is made up of all sorts of parts. 汽车是由各种各样的部件组成的。
She can make all sorts of toys for children.
她可以做孩子们玩的各种各样的玩具。
No one can do all sorts of work in a factory.
没有一个人能在工厂里做全能工。
3. Many of the peasants were very poor. 许多农民都很穷。
peasant和farmer都可译作“农民”，但有一定的区别：
peasant多用于发展中国家， 原指有小块土地并亲自耕种的小自耕农或佃农(the owner of a farm or a hired farm labourer)；
farmer常指经营农场的人，或农场主(a person who owns or rents a farm)。他们拥有农场， 也可能在农场劳动，因而可以译作“农民”、或“农场主”。 这个词在英语国家中用得较多。
4. They lived mainly on potatoes. (= They eat lots of potatoes and little else.) 他们以土豆为主食。
live on是短语动词(v.+prep.)，作“靠吃……为生”、“靠……(收入)过活”解，后跟名词。例如：
The people in north China live mainly on wheat. (中国)华北人以吃小麦为主。
The American live mainly on bread and milk. 美国人主要吃面包和牛奶。
How could they live on such a small income?
他们怎么能靠这样一点收入来生活呢?
live on还可以作“继续生活”解(=continue to live)。 作此义解时，on是副词。例如：
The baby lived on for a week after its mother died.
婴儿的母亲死后，他还活了一个星期。
Lei Feng is dead, but his spirit lives on. 雷锋去世了，但是他的精神犹存。
5. Around 1850, a terrible disease hit the potato crop, and potatoes went bad in the soil. (= … and potatoes rotted in the soil before they could be gathered.) 大约在1850年，土豆作物发生了一场可怕的病害，土豆全都烂在地里了。
go bad(=become bad)变坏了。这里的go是连系动词，作“变”、“变得”解，后跟形容词作表语， 表示主语由一种状态变成另一种状态，而这种转变通常是由好变坏， 或由正常情况变成特殊情况，如go bad(变坏)，go blind(变瞎)，go mad(变疯) ，go wrong( 出毛病)等。例如：
Fish soon goes bad in hot weather. 热天里，鱼很快就变质了。
He went blind when he was only six. 他六岁时就失明了。
Beethoven went deaf almost completely at the age of 40.
贝多芬在四十岁的时候，就几乎全部丧失了听力。
My poor mother, your hair has gone quite white.
可怜的妈妈，你的头发全都变白了。
上述例句中的go都可以用become/get代替。become比较正式，get比较口语化。此外，become和 get的变化可以由好变坏，也可以由坏变好，而go的变化通常是由好变坏。例如：
The situation has become even better/worse. 情况变得更好/糟了。
They are getting richer/poorer and richer/poorer. 他们越来越富/穷了。
若以go来代替上述例句中的 become/get ， 我们可以说：
“The situation has gone even worse. ”， 通常不说：
“The situation has gone even better.”。同样， 我们可以说：“They are going poorer and poorer.”，通常不说：“They are going richer and richer.”。
6. Tens of thousands of people died of hunger. 数以万计的人死于饥饿。
(1) “tens of thousands of …”作“数以万计的……”解。例如：
We hope that there'll be tens of thousands of deer in the nature park someday.
希望将来有一天我们的天然公园养着成千上万头鹿。
Tens of thousands of people went into streets and shouted “Victory!” with joy.
数以万计的人走上街头，欢呼胜利。
(2) die of作“因……而死”解，常表示由于疾病、饥饿、 年老体衰等原因而引起的死亡。例如：
That year, lots of people died of cold and hunger.
那一年，许多人因饥寒交迫而死去。
Her father died of heart trouble. 她的父亲是因心脏病去世的。
表示“因……而死”还可以用die from， 但一般指因意外的原因引起的死亡。例如：
Her father died from a car accident. 她的父亲死于车祸。
The child died from her fall out of the high window.
那孩子从高高的窗户上掉下去摔死了。
7. Although many families became separated, people still kept in touch with each other. (=Though family members lived in different areas, they wrote to each other from time to time and exchanged family news.) 虽然许多家庭分散了，但是家人还是保持着联系。
(1) separated是动词 separate的过去分词，作“分散的”、“分离的”解，在句中作表语(become separated是系表结构)。例如：
The two towns become separated by a river. 这两个城镇被一条江分隔开来了。
She and her mother became separated by war. 她和她妈妈因战争而离散了。
(2) keep in touch with 同……保持联系。
Please keep in touch with me when we are separated.
我们分开时， 请同我保持联系。
A good teacher should always keep in touch with the students.
一个好的教师应当经常同学生接触。
I first met Jim two years ago and have kept in touch with him ever since.
我两年前遇上吉姆，此后一直保持着联系。
8. Today, life has improved for the population, although many farmers in the west continue to lead a simple life. 尽管西部还有许多农民保持着简朴的生活，但
就全体居民来说，今天的生活已经有了改善。
lead a…life “过着……的生活”。在life 前可以用不同的形容词来修饰，如 lead a better life (过着较好的生活) ，lead a happy life (过着幸福的生活)， lead a hard life(过着艰苦的生活)等。例如：
Though they are old they still lead an active life.
虽然他们年老了，但是他们生活得仍很活跃。
In the past workers and peasants led a hard life.
过去工人和农民过着艰苦的生活。
Her grandparents are leading a quiet life in the countryside.
她的爷爷奶奶在乡下过着平静的生活。
9. Most Irish people go to church every Sunday and the church plays an important part in people's lives. (…and the church is important for people.) 大部分爱尔兰人每个星期天都去做礼拜。 教会在人们生活中起着重要作用。
(1) go to church 去(教堂)做礼拜。在church 前不加冠词，不指具体的教堂，而指“做礼拜”。 如果要指出某个具体的教堂则要用冠词，如go to a/the church(去教堂)， 但不一定是去做礼拜。试比较：
She went to the church near the station to talk to the Father.
她到车站附近的教堂同神父谈话去了。
She went to church at eight every Sunday morning.
她每星期天早晨八点去(教堂)做礼拜。
类似的例子有：
go to school 去上学
go to hospital 去看病
go to bed 去睡觉
go to prison 去坐牢
在第二个分句“…and the church plays …”中的“ the church”用了定冠词，这里指的是“教会”(an organization of religion believers)。
(2) play a part in在……方面起作用， 在……中扮演角色。这个短语中的part原作“(剧中的)角色”讲，在part 前可以用不同的形容词来修饰(如great、small、important等)，表示起着“大 /小/重要的作用”。例如：
“Which part do you play(in the film)?”--“ I play the part of Lenin.”
“你(在电影中)扮演哪个角色?”--“我扮演列宁。”
Science plays an important part in agriculture. 科学在农业中起着重要的作用。
Young people played an active part in revolutionary work.
年轻人在革命工作中起过积极的作用。
Please explain the part that weather plays in our country's production.
请说明气候在我国生产中所起的作用。
10. The Irish are very fond of music and poems. (=The Irish like music and poems very much.) 爱尔兰人很喜欢音乐和诗歌。
be fond of作“喜欢”、“爱好”解(like very much)， 后跟名词、(代词)或动词的-ing形式。例如：
They are fond of sports. 他们喜欢运动。
My father is fond of collecting stamps. 我父亲爱好集邮。
Girls are usually fond of singing and dancing. 女孩子通常喜欢唱歌跳舞。
表示“喜欢”、“爱好”的英语词还有like、enjoy、love等。
但在用法和喜爱的程度上有区别：
like是一般的用语，用得最广泛，后面的宾语可以是名词、 不定式或-ing形式。例如：
I like swim/to swim/ swimming in the river. 我喜欢在江里游泳。
like在喜爱的程度上比 enjoy 稍弱， 而且在用法上也稍有不同。
enjoy后只可以跟名词和-ing形式，而不跟不定式。例如：
I enjoy swim./swimming in the river. (在enjoy 后的宾语不用不定式to swim)
love在这三个词中表达喜爱的程度最大，语气最强，有“热爱”的意思。例如：
We love our motherland. 我们热爱祖国。
She likes him, but doesn't love him. 她喜欢他，但并不爱他。
be fond of (=like very much)，在喜爱的程度上比like 强，但比love弱。例如：
I'm fond of light music. (=I like light music very much.) 我很喜欢轻音乐。
11. They also get together to read their own poems to each other. 他们还聚在一起，互相朗诵自己的诗歌。
get together聚会，相聚。通常指“约定的聚会”(meet, usually by arrangement)。例如：
The boss and the workers got together to talk about common difficulties.
老板和工人相聚在一起，谈论共同的困难。
Let's get together for lunch next Saturday. 下周六中午咱们来聚餐吧。
Step 5. Précis of the text
Get the Ss to read the text again, and then let them try to retell the main idea by using the information in the form. Give them enough time to prepare. Check several Ss.
Step 6. Practice
SB, P31, Part 2 and 3, get the students to read the texts again, and then let