Words and expressions
1. unexplained adj. 神秘的
explain v. 解释 explain sth. to sb.
explain sth away 辩护
n. explanation
You will find it difficult to explain away your use of such offensive language.
你将发现你很难为说过的这种无礼的话辩护。
2. puzzled adj. 困惑的，茫然的 puzzling adj. 令人困惑的
puzzle n. a.难理解的问题（可数）
b.仅用作单数，迷惑，困惑
puzzle vt & vi.使困惑
puzzle over sth.深思
puzzle sth. out 苦思而找出问题的答案
3. step up 加强，加紧，促进，增加，走上
step up production 促进生产
4. search n. & vt & vi
search+人或地点，表示在人身上搜或者在某地搜东西
search for +人或物，表示寻找某人或者某物
试比较：They searched him.
They searched for him.
in search of in one’s search for 寻找
5．due to a.因为， 由于 后接名词，代词作表语或者原因状语。(because of, owing to ,by reason of thanks to ,on account of)
例.The accident is due to careless driving.
b.应付的，应得到的，预期的 后接动词不定式或不带什么。
例。The train is due at 1:30.火车应于一点半到。
Mr. Hill is due to speak twice tomorrow.希尔预定明天演讲两次。
6．show up a. 出席，到场=turn up ,appear ,attend
Why didn’t you show up at the meeting yesterday?
b.揭穿，揭露
Someone showed him up as a thief.有人揭发他是个小偷。
c.显眼，易见
At times like these ,the true character of the man shows up.
在这样的时刻，这人的真面目就表现出来了。
7.witness n.目击者，证人
（不可数名词）证据，证明，证言
v. a.亲见，目击
witness to doing sth./sth 作证
例.Mr.X witnessed to having seen the accused near the scene of the crime.
某先生作证说曾看到被告在犯罪现场。
b.证明，显示
Her pale face witnessed the excited she felt.
8.according to ①根据 ②视……而定 ③按照,依照
According to the Bible ,God created the world in 6 days.
He will be punished according to the seriousness of his crime.
The books are placed on the shelves according to authors.
Accordingly 因此,所以,于是
9.creature a.动物(不会说话的下等动物),畜牲
b.与adj. 连用 ,指人
a loving creature a poor creature
10.UFO=Unidentified Flying Object
identify 认出,认明,鉴定
Could you identify your umbrella among a hundred others?
identify oneself with sb/sth支持, 与…认同 觉得与……接近
11.research n.研究 do research on 对…….进行研究
v.研究 research into a problem 研究问题
12.frightening adj.令人恐惧的 The tiger is frightening.
frightened adj. 恐惧的 A hunter is shooting at the tiger, so the tiger is very frightened .
13.rule out 去掉,排除,取消,拒绝
rule over 统治
rule on 裁决 rule against 否决
14.look into 调查，浏览（书等） 注视---的内部
look into a question
15.make up a.和好，调解
They quarreled but soon made up.
b.化妆，打扮
She took over 30 minutes to make up her face.
c.使完整，凑足
We need one more player to make up a team.
d.构成---
54 students make up Class Five.=Class Five is made up of 54 students.
e.编造故事等，捏造，虚构
Is she telling the truth, or making it all up?
f.弥补，补充，偿还 make up exams 补考
g. make up for 补偿，补充，填补，弥补
make up for lost time
h,整理，收拾
Have you made up Mrs. Smith’s order （货或者订购的东西） yet?
16.case n.案件，情况
in case 万一，如果 It may rain ,you’d better take an umbrella in case.
in case of 如果，万一，若
e.g. In case of fire, ring the alarm bell
in any case 无论如何， in this/that case 若是这样/那样的话
in no case 决不
17．convincing adj. 令人信服的 convinced adj. 相信的，信服的
convince vt.使信服，说服 a. +n/prop/clause
e.g. Nobody could convince him.
b. +n./prop +of 引起的短语 convince sb. of sth./that clause e.g. We failed to convince him of his mistake.我们没能使他相信他是错的。 I’m convinced of his honesty /that he is honest.
18.progress n.进步，进展 in progress 在进行中 e.g. You have made great progress in English. The harder you work, the greater progress you’ll make. v.前进，进行+副词 e.g. We are now progressing steadily with our work. v.上进，提高，进步 e.g. You have progressed quickly in maths. 19. give up a.放弃 +n./doing 当宾语是it/them时，则放在up 之前。 e.g.He was forced to give up school.他被迫辍学。 He gave up smoking at last. b.献出，让出，交出 He gave up his seat to the old woman. Give up your arms and live.交枪不杀 c.投降，认输，泄气，其后可以不接宾语 e.g. Don’t give up, you may succeed. d. give up on 对---表示绝望，放弃，（不可以用被动态）
I give up upon you.我对你不抱希望了。
give up on sport 放弃体育运动
give oneself up 自首