Unit 5 The silver screen
Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision
Grammar revision
Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss
Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar
2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement
Teaching materials & focuses:
1. While still a student, she played roles in many plays. 当她还是一个学生时，就多次在话剧中扮演角色了。
While still a student 相当于While she was still a student.在英语中有些表示时间、条件、方式或让步等的从句有时可省略一些成分：如果从句的主语和从句的主语一致（或者是从句的主语是it），而且从句谓语中又包含be，那么这个主语和be动词都可以省略。例如：
Don’t talk while (you are) eating.
When (he was) asked how he gained first place, he suddenly became cheerful.
If (they are)operated by computer in the future, many of the trains will have no drivers.
Although (it was)sold by a German company for the first time in 1899, aspirin has been around much longer than that.
They looked around the room as if (they were) looking for something.
The boys will go out to play football whenever (it is) possible.
2. marry 用法
marry在大多数情况下是及物动词，（常用搭配：get/be married to sb , marry sb）
When did she get married? 她是什么时候结婚的？
在有副词修饰时，marry可作不及物动词用。
She married very early. 她结婚很早。
“和某人结婚”不能说“marry with sb.”, 应该说“marry to sb.”也可以不与介词搭配，将marry用作及物动词。
She married a doctor. or: She was married to a doctor. 她和一个医生结了婚。
3. degree n. 度，级； 程度； 学位
The summer months has an average temperature of more than 30 degrees centigrade.
夏天平均温度超过30度。
He has a high degree of ability.他能力很高。
He took his degree in physics at the university last year.他去年在大学里获得了物理学位。
to a ……degree, to a degree that 到……程度, 在……程度上
I agree with you to some degree.在一定程度上我同意你。
4. speed n. 速度 with great speed以很快速度 /at top (full, low, safe, high, ordinary) speed以顶尖速度/ 以全速/ 以低速/ 以安全的速度/ 以高速/ 以一般的速度
at a speed of 100 kilometers an hour以每小时100公里的速度
如以某个东西的速度为参照, 则为: at the speed of, 用定冠词。如：
at the speed of sound以光的速度
2）v.快速地前进 过去式sped (常用搭配：speed up 加速)
He sped down the street. 他沿街快速前进。 The time sped quickly by.时间飞快地过去。
Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision
Grammar revision
Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss
Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar
2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement
Teaching materials & focuses:
5. keep构成的一些短语
keep(sb.)away(from sth.)(使)离开(某物) , keep sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事
keep sth.in mind记住某事, keep sb./sth. out(of sth.)不让……入内
keep back忍住(眼泪)，扣下，隐瞒, keep in touch with 与……保持联系
keep(on)doing sth.继续做某事, keep off远离，避开
keep up 保持(不低落)， 振作， （保持同一水平 如：We are having difficulty keeping up our mortgage payments. 我们难以继续偿还按揭贷款。）
keep up with 跟上，不落在后面
6. afford的用法 及物动词，其主要用法如下：
(1)“担负得起(……的费用、时间)”，常与can, could, be able to连用，表示“有足够的(时间、金钱等)条件(做某事)”。
afford +n./pron, . afford to do sth.
Now many people can’t afford the medical treatment in the country. 现在在农村许多人看不起病。
I can’t afford the time for it. 这时间我花不起。
We can’t afford to buy this new house. 我们买不起这新房子。
7. 关系副词when/where不能替代“介词+which”的场合归纳。
在定语从句中，when/where往往可以代替某些“介词+which”。
Tell me the time when/at which the train leaves. 告诉我火车发车的时间。
但在下列情况下，when/where不能代替“介词+which”。
(1)当since, until, after, before+which时，不能被when代替。
I met Jack in 1980, since which I have never seen him. 我是在1980年见过杰克的，自从那时以来再也没见他。
He came back at ten, until which we worked. 他十点钟回来的，直到那时我们还在劳动。
He went to school at 8, before which he read English. 他八点钟上学，这之前他读了英语。
(2)当on, behind, in front of, through, from, beside, around +which时，不能被where代替。
I saw a desk on which was a book. 我看见一张桌子上有本书。
The house, in front of which there is a tree, is my home. 那所房子是我的家，其前有棵树。
This is the window through which the thief came in. 这就是贼从那进来的那个窗户。
8. by sea, by the sea, in the sea, on the sea
by sea “走海路，乘船”，用来表示交通方式，同by ship同义。
These heavy boxes should be sent by sea. 这些重箱子应由海路运送。
by the sea “在海边”，相当于on the coast。
There are many travelers by the sea. 海边有很多游客。
in the sea “在海里，在海水中”
There are many plants and animals in the sea. 海洋中有很多动植物。
(4)on the sea “在海上”，也有“在海边”的意思。
It was reported that many boats sailing on the sea had been lost. 据报道，在海上航行的很多船只失踪了。
9. take off 1)脱下(衣服等), 解(除)掉 2）（飞机）起飞 取消，停演， 迅速流行，突然大受欢迎
the new magazine has really taken off. 这份新杂志真是大受欢迎。
He took off his wet shoes.他脱下了湿鞋子。
The show was taken off because of poor audience. 该剧因为不卖座停演了。
The plane took off on time. It was a smooth take-off.飞机准时起飞。起飞非常顺利。
10. be afraid, be afraid to do sth., be afraid of(doing)sth.
(1)be afraid意为“担心，害怕”，多用于口语，常用来表示一种歉意，或遗憾，后可接so或that，也可接that从句。I’m afraid(that) 其语意相当于I’m sorry, but…。
-Are we on time? 我们准时吗？ -I’m afraid not. 恐怕不准时。
-Are we late? 我们迟到了吗？-I’m afraid so. 恐怕迟到了。
(2)be afraid to do常表示“由于胆小而不敢做某事”。
She is afraid to be here alone. 她不敢单独呆在这里。
He is afraid to jump into the river from the bridge. 他不敢从桥上跳进河里。
(3)be afraid of(doing)sth.常表示“担心或害怕某事(发生)”。
He was afraid to walk across the one-logged bridge because he was afraid of falling into the river. 他不敢过那个独木桥，因为他担心会掉进河水里。
I was afraid of hurting her feelings. 我担心伤害她的感情。
We are not afraid of difficulties. 我们不怕困难。
4) 给人不愉快的信息或不赞同某人意见时，用I’m afraid …
I’m afraid I’ve got bad news for you.
I’m afraid I can’t agree with you.
11. go wrong v. 走错路, 误入岐途, (机器等)发生故障
His friends helped him go wrong. 他的朋友把他带坏了。
Please correct my spelling If I go wrong. 如果我写错了，请纠正我的拼写。
Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision
Grammar revision
Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss
Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar
2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement
Teaching materials & focuses:
12. high与highly
(1)high既可用作形容词，也可用作副词，表示具体的“高的”“高地”之意。
The wall is two metres high. 这堵墙有两米高。
They were climbing a high mountain. 他们在爬一座高山。
Can you jump that high? 你能跳那么高吗？
The kite was flying high in the sky. 风筝在天空中高高地飞翔着。
(2)highly是副词，表示抽象的意思，“高地，高度地”。
He is a highly skilled worker. 他是一个高度熟练的技术工人。
The headmaster thought highly of our work. 校长高度评价了我们的工作。
13. owe vt. 1）欠(钱、物、债等)，后面通常接直接宾语和间接宾语，即owe sb sth 或owe sth to sb.
例如: I owe $20 to the tailor. 我欠裁缝二十美圆。
I owed John 60 dollars when I was in Paris.我在巴黎时，欠约翰60美圆。
2）应该……归功于……应当给予……
I owe it to you that I’m still alive. 我现在还活着，应该感谢你。
If I have improved in any way, I owe it all to my teacher.如果说我有一些进步，这应该全部归功于我的老师。
I owe you many thanks.我非常感谢你。
We should do the duty which we owe to our country.我们应当对国家尽我们应尽的义务。
同义词：because of, thanks to, due to
14. After that it still took seven years before they finally got married. 从那以后过了七年他们才结婚。
before……（以后）才。例如：
It was a long time before I got to sleep last night.昨天夜里过了好久我才睡着。
It will be four years before we meet again.四年以后我们才能再见面。
注意before的特殊用法：
1）不等．．．．．．就，
He went out before I had (had) a chance to tell him the good news.
我还没来得及告诉他这个消息他就已经出去了。
2）（不多久．．．．．．）就
We hadn’t waited long before the bus came.我们没等多久，公共汽车就来了。
It won’t be long before you get well again.不久你就可以恢复健康了。
3）宁愿．．．．．．，也不．．．．．．
He will die of hunger before he will steal 他宁愿饿死，也决不行窍。
15. look up 查询（如宾语为代词，则代词放中间）
Look up the word in the dictionary.在字典里查单词。
相关词组：look for 寻找；look after照顾，照料； look forward to期待；look into调查； look on旁观；look out注意；look out for注意，留心，提防；look over翻阅，查看，检查；look around环视；look through翻阅，查看。
16. stay away 不上班，不上学
17. run away from 从。。。逃走
18. determine to do , be determined to do 名词：determination
Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision
Grammar revision
Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss
Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar
2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement
Teaching materials & focuses:
Unit 6. good manners
1. manner
(1)用作可数名词，意思是“方法”，“方式”，通常用单数形式。
I love duck cooked in Chinese manner. 我喜欢吃中国烧法的鸭子。
(2)用作可数名词，意思是“举止”，“态度”，常用单数形式。
I don't like his manner. It's too rude. 我不喜欢他的举止，太粗鲁了。
(3)用作复数形式，意思是“礼貌”，“规矩”。
It is bad manners to speak loudly in public. 在公共场合高声讲话是没礼貌的。
Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision
Grammar revision
Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss
Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar
2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement
Teaching materials & focuses:
2. none，no one，nothing
①none用于指人和物，可与of短语连用，用作单数和复数。
--“How many elephants did you see in the park?”
--“None．” -你在公园里看到几头大象? -一头也没看到。
②no one只能指人，不能与of连用，用作单数。
No one knows what they fought for． 没有人知道他们为什么发生战争。
③nothing用于指物，不与of连用，通常泛指“没有什么事情或东西”，用作单数。
Nothing can change the world． 什么也不能改变世界。
3. Custom, culture, habit，hobby 区别
[辨析]custom，habit，hobby
这三个词都有“习惯”的意思，但含义有一定的不同。
①custom通常指大范围、长时间形成的风俗和习惯。也可指生活习惯，后接不定式.
②habit habit指个人生活习惯、个人的习惯有好有坏，后接of doing，不可接不定式。“(有)养成……习惯”常用be in/fall into/get into/form/have the habit of doing sth.句型；“戒掉……习惯”常用give up/kick/break away from/get out of the habit of doing sth.句型.
③hobby通常指“爱好”。
The Spring Festival is a custom in East Asia． 春节是东亚的一个风俗。
He formed a habit of getting up early． 他养成早起的习惯。
Reading is his hobby． 看书是他的爱好。
Culture 文化，文明（国家或群体的风俗，信仰，艺术，生活方式及社会组织）
4. impression
(1)通常用作可数名词，意思是“印象，感想”，
e．g．He made a strong impression on (upon)us．他给我们留下了深刻的印象。
(2)impression的动词是impress，意思是“留下印象”。常用短语impress sth. on (upon)sb．“某事给某人留下印象”。
e．g．What he did was greatly impressed on(upon)us．他所做的一切给我们留下深深的印象。
The girl impressed her sense of humour on(upon)her friends．这个女孩的幽默感给她的朋友留下深刻的印象。
5. at table意思是“就餐，吃饭”。at the(a)table表示“在桌子旁”。
You shouldn't speak loudly at table. 吃饭时你不该高声讲话。
He sat at the table，reading a novel． 他坐在桌子旁，看小说。
6. advice n. 忠告，劝告，建议
ask for one’s advice 征求某人的建议 give/offer sb. advice 给某人建议
take/follow one’s advice 接受某人的建议 some advice on/about… 有关……的建议（忠告）
advise v.劝告，建议（advise doing, advise sb to do ）
I advise that he should go at once.
我建议他马上去。 注：advise接从句时，从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气，形式为“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。
7. When drinking to someone's health，you raise your glasses，but the glasses should not touch． 在为某人健康干杯时，你举起杯子，但杯子不能碰撞。
(1)drink在此句中意思是“干杯”，通常与介词to连用。
Let's drink to the health of my teacher. 让我们为我的老师健康干杯。
(2)drink还有“饮，喝”，“举杯祝贺”的意思。
e．g．Let's drink beer together． 让我们一起喝啤酒。
They drank success to the professor． 他们举杯祝贺那位教授成功。
Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision
Grammar revision
Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss
Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar
2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement
Teaching materials & focuses:
8. raise，rise，lift
①raise用作及物动词，意思是“举起，抬起，抬高”，说明主语发出的动作是要作用于其它事物的。
②rise用作不及物动词，意思是“升起，上升，起立”，说明主语自身移向较高的位置。
③lift用力“举起”的含义。
Price has been raised up． 价格被提高了。
Price rises gradually． 价格渐渐地涨上去了。
The young lifted the stone at last． 那个年轻人终于举起那块石头。
9. follow用法归纳
(1)表示“跟随，马上就来”。
I’m sending the letter today，the packet will follow later. 今天我先把信寄出，随后寄出包裹。
(2)表示“遵循，依照……行事”。
The villagers still follow the customs that are passed down from their ancestors.
村民们还沿袭着祖先留下的风俗。
(3)表示“听懂，理解”。
As a beginner，she cannot follow the English Home Service quite well on the radio.
作为初学者，她无法完全听懂广播《英语家庭服务》。
(4)表示“如下”。
He received a note which ran as follows:“ The meeting will be delayed until next Monday.”
他收到一张便条，上面写着如下内容：“会议推迟到下星期一。”
10. sometimes，sometime，some time
①sometimes副词，表示“有时候，不时”。
Sometimes he is late for class． 他有时上课迟到。
②sometime副词，表示“曾经，某时，有朝一日”，常同过去时或将来时连用，表示过去或未来某一不肯定的时间。
It happened sometime 1ast year． 那是去年某一天发生的。
Will you come and see me sometime? 你哪一天来看看我好吗?
③some time名词词组，表示“一段时间”。
e．g．It will take me some time to read the novel． 读这本小说花了我一些时间。
There is some time left. 还剩一些时间。
11. leave out 省去，遗漏，不考虑
e．g．You can leave out their plan. 你们能够不考虑他们的计划。
You shouldn't leave out this important detail in the trial．在审判中，你不该漏掉这个重要细节。
12. at this moment 在这时候； for a moment 片刻，一会儿；（at） any moment 任何时刻；马上；at the last moment 在紧要关头，在最后关头；at the moment 此刻；正当那时；暂时
for the moment 目前，暂时；in a moment 马上，立刻
the moment (that)一……就……
The moment he saw me，he turned pale. 他一看见我就脸色苍白。
Teaching aims: Vocabulary revision
Grammar revision
Teaching main-points: Vocabulary and grammar revision in the process of the integration between the teacher and the ss
Teaching Crux: 1) SS’ explanation about the vocabulary and grammar
2) Teacher’s further explanation and supplement
Teaching materials & focuses:
练习 （unit 5）
19. 单句改错
1.The baby after whom she is looking is my little nephew.
简析：after应置于looking之后，短语动词look after不能拆开。
2.I saw all the apples which were on the table fall off into the floor.
简析：应将which改为that。当先行词被all, any, few, little, no等词修饰时，关系代词应选用that, 不能用which。
3.The speaker raised his voice but still couldn’t make himself hearing.
简析：应将hearing改为heard。make oneself heard意为“让别人听到自己的声音”。“make oneself+过去分词”结构中，过去分词作宾语补足语，宾语oneself与宾补之间是被动关系。
4.This is the only bus which there is to the village.
简析：将“which”改为“that”。在这个句子中，that there is to the village是定语从句，是there be句型，修饰其先行词bus。而且先行词bus被the only修饰。bus在定语从句中作主语，to the village也作bus的定语。整个句子意为“这是惟一通往那个村庄的一辆汽车”。
20. 高考真题
1.(NMET 1998)Cleaning women in big cities usually get ___________ by the hour.
A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay
简析：选C。“按小时付报酬”与主语是被动关系，应选过去分词paid。类似的表达常见的还有：get burnt, get wounded, get married等。
2. (NMET 1998)European football is played in 80 countries, ___________it the most popular sport in the world.
A. making B. makes C. made D. to make
简析：选A。本句意为“八十多个国家都踢欧式足球，这使其成为世界上最流行的运动”。此处应选现在分词作状语。此题可用排除法来考虑；不表目的，不用不定式，排除D；不是完整的句子，不用谓语动词，排除B。其后跟有宾语和宾语补足语，不可能是被动的，排除C。特别要注意make后接复合宾语这种句型。
3. (2001 上海)He’s got himself into a dangerous situation ___________he is likely to lose control over the plane.
A. where B. which C. while D. why
简析：选A。此题考查定语从句中关系副词的用法。定语从句的先行词为situation，引导从句的词在定语从句中作状语，因此这个复合句中的定语从句应由关系副词where引导。
4. (NMET 2001春招)Would you slow down a bit, please? I can’t ___________you.
A. keep up with B. put up with C. make up to D. hold on to
简析：选A。此项中的短语keep up with含义为“跟上，赶上”，从上文的提示“让对方慢下来一点”，体会出是“跟不上对方”，故选A。
5. (NMET 2001)The film brought the hours back to me ___________I was taken good care of in that far-away village.
A. until B. that C. when D. where
简析：选C。通过分析句子结构，可以看出这是一个包含定语从句的复合句。先行词是the hours，引导词在定语从句中作状语，因此要用when来引导此定语从句。有时命题者会在先行词与引导词之间加入附加成分，影响考生正常的解题思路，需特别注意。
Unit 6 能力训练
1. 单句改错
1.It’s time for us to clean the desks. But we can’t find any clothes.
简析：把clothes改为cloths。cloth作不可数名词时，是“布匹”的意思，它作可数名词时表示有特殊用途的布，其复数形式为cloths,而clothes是“衣服”的意思，不符合本句意思，故改为cloths表示“擦桌布”。
2.He prefer swimming to play football in summer.
简析：将play改为playing。prefer A to B 等于like A better than B，即喜欢A胜过喜欢B，prefer+名词/动名词+to+名词/动名词，to 为介词，故不能接动词原形。
3.The girl students in our school are not allowed wearing high-heel shoes.
简析：把wearing改为to wear。allow可接带不定式的复合结构，“allow sb.to do sth.”表示“允许某人做某事”，其被动式应为“sb.be allowed to do sth.”。另外，allow可跟动名词作宾语，构成allow doing sth.表示“允许做某事”，此结构不可用于表达该句意义。
4.My house is quite close from the station.
简析：把from改为to。表示“接近于……”，应该是“be close to”，而不用“be close from”。
5.I apologize you that I had been so rude to you.
简析：此句应为I apologize(to you) for being so rude to you.
表示“为某事向某人道歉”用apologize to sb.for sth./doing sth.,不能用that引导从句。
2. 高考真题
1.(2000上海，42)-You’ve given us a wonderful Chinese dinner, Mrs.Wang.
-___________.
A. Oh,I’m afraid I didn’t cook very well B. I’m glad you enjoyed it
C. Come again when you are free D. It’s not necessary for you to say so
简析：选B。此题要注意两种文化背景的不同而带来的行为习惯的差异。
2. (2000上海)-I don’t have any change with me. Will you pay the fare for me?
-___________.
A. That’s fine B. Nothing serious C. Never mind D. No problem
简析：选D。D是回答别人的请求的用语，相当于“没问题”。
3. (NMET 2000春)It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year,___________for the first time in years their team won the World Cup.
A. that B. while C. when D. which
简析：选C。此处是非限制性定语从句，排除while(不引导定语从句)和that(不引导非限制性定语从句)。关系词在从句中作时间状语，要用关系副词when，而不用关系代词which。
4. (NMET 2000)Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _____,of course, made the others unhappy.
A. who B. which C. this D. what
简析：选B。“of course”是插入语，略去不管则可看出，此处是个非限制性定语从句，需添一个关系词，排除this 和what。又因先行词是事情“always speaking highly of her role in the play”,因此用which,而不用who。
5. (NMET 2001春)John said he’d been working in the office for an hour,___________was true.
A. he B. this C. which D. who
简析：选C。此处是非限制性定语从句，需用关系代词，排除A. he和B. this。先行词不是“人”(不是说“约翰是真的”)，排除C. who。先行词是事物(是说“he’d been working in the office for an hour”是真实情况)，关系代词用which。
6. (NMET 2001春)-Why haven’t you bought any butter?
-I___________to but I forgot about it.
A. liked B. wished C. meant D. expected
简析：选C。“mean to (buy some butter)”表示“本意是(要买些黄油)”，用了过去式表示“原打算”，此处将不定式省略，只留了不定式符号“to”。“like to do sth. ”是“喜欢干某事”；“wish to do sth. ”是“希望做某事”；“expect to do sth. ”是“预计干某事”都与上下文题义不合。