News Media
New words:
1. reliable adj. able to be trusted; dependable可信赖的，可靠的
（反）unreliable
He looks a nice, reliable man.
Is this information reliable?
reliance n. 依靠，信赖
have/ place / put reliance on sb.
A child has reliance on his mother.
You can put no reliance on Tom.
Do you place much reliance on your doctor?
2. fire vt. 解雇， 开除dismiss from a job(反)take on , hire, employ
Get out! You are fired / dismissed!
vi. shoot off bullets发射（子弹），射击
fire at sb./ sth.
fire a gun at sb.
He is firing at us.
He ran into the bank and fired his gun into the air.
Don’t move or I’ll fire.
3. face n. 1)脸，面孔 [c] 2) 表面，面貌
*face to face
She stood face to face with him.
a face-to-face interview
hide one’s face (由于难为情或羞愧)低下头或把脸躲开
*in one’s face当面，迎面
“It’s your own fault!” he shouted in her face.
*in the face of
What could he do in the face of all the difficulties?
*look in the face正面看某人（而不羞愧），正视
If he knows ---how can I look him in the face?
I want you to look the facts in the face.
*lose (one’s) face
*make a face / faces
*pull / wear a long face
vt.1) 面向,朝着
The kitchen faces north.
2) 面临(形式,问题)
Such was the situation we were facing.
*be faced with面临,面对
We are all faced with the same problem of rising costs.
4. reason n. 意思是理由，原因，缘故着重指产生某种行为或想法的理由：
the reason for /why
Give your reason for the plan.把你计划的理由讲一下.
The reason for my lateness is that I missed my bus.
The reason for the flood was all that heavy rain.
理由=reason
There is no cause/reason for alarm.
You have no cause for complaint.
cause n.1).起因，原因，缘故，理由，根源[c]
着重是指产生某种结果的原因：the cause of
The cause of the fire was dry. 起火的原因是干燥。
The cause of the accident was the fact that he was driving two fast.事故的原因是他开车太快了.
reason vt.i. 说服,推理,劝说
She can reason very clearly.
I reason that since she had not answered my letter she must be angry with me. 我推断既然她不给我回信,她一定是生我的气了.
reason with sb. (try to persuade by fair argument)以理说服;劝说
You should reason with the child instead of just telling him to obey.
5. injure vt.
1）injure vt.事故中受伤或器官，the injured
机能，外貌受损（外伤）
2）hurt vt.身体的内伤和精神上的伤
vi. 痛
3)harm vt.人们已认识到的客观害处,
公认的害处
4)wound vt.肉体上的外伤 (多指刀枪伤) the wounded
a) When I fell , I _____ my leg.
b) His words _____ her.
c) He was badly _____ in the accident.
d) Doctor says getting up early won’t
_____ you.
e) He got ________ in the war.
6. inform vt. to tell or give the information to (正式)告知,通知,报告
inform sb. that
of
疑问词+ to do
n. / pron.
She informed him that she was to send for it the next day.
He informed them of his arrival.
He will informed us where to go.
If you saw the accident please inform the police.
a well-informed man消息灵通的人
*say, tell, inform, speak, talk用法
*say vt.只能用话语(不能用人)作宾语:
He said, “I’m tired.”
He said a few words then sat down.
*tell vt. 接宾语或双宾语
He told us that he was tired.
*inform vt. 宾语是人
He informed us that he was tired.
只有say可以同原话连用
tell可以用于命令
speak, talk 不及物，有时可及物但绝不是人作宾语．
Do you speak French?
informed adj.有知识的，见闻广的，了解情况的
7．relate vt.
1) to tell a story讲述（故事）
relate to sb. sth.
relate +clause
He related (to us) the story of his escape.
The witness related what he had seen.
2) show a relation between把…联系起来，看出或显示出…与…的关系
I can’t relate those two ideas. 我看不出那两个想法之间的关系。
*relate to 1)和… 有关,涉及
This letter relates to the sale of the house.
I don’t know to what this relates
2)和…相处很好, 和...合得来 (通常用否定)
She doesn’t relate very well to her mother.
*be related to
1)和…有联系,和…有关
All things were related to all other things.
2)和…有亲属关系
Are you related to Mr Smith?
8. talent
genius – 是一个很重的词,只用于少见的才华或有天才的人:
Einstein had genius./was a genius.
She has a genius for mathematics.
talent-- 也表示特殊才能(她不指人本身not the person who has it),但不如genius重
a young actor with a lot of talent
She has a talent for music.
He is a talented football player.
skill -- talent和genius都是某人天生的能力,而skill指一种可以学到的本领,技能,只可以做好某事的能力
a skilled worker
gift-- a natural ability to do sth.天赋,天才
He has a gift for music.
a gifted painter
9. switch vt.i. change or exchange改变,交换
They switched the positions.
He got tired of teaching and switched to painting.
*switch off = turn off
电器用品的开关用turn on, turn off或switch on / off
门窗或盒子的开关用open或shut
水龙头或煤气的开关用turn on或turn off
10. interview n.会晤,接见
have an interview with sb.
Father had an interview with the teacher about John’s work.
receive an interview受到采访
give an interview to sb. 接受某人的采访
He refused to give an interview to the journalist.
a face-to-face interview
interviewee n.
interviewer n.
11.present /pri’zent/ vt.
1)呈献,赠予(尤指在典礼场合)
He presented a silver cup to the winner/ presented the
winner with a silver cup.
2)bring to one’s attention, offer for consideration呈递,提交
The committee is presenting its report next week.
3)introduce (正式) 介绍
May I introduce Mr. Johnson ( to you)?
introduce sb. to
make oneself known
present adj.
1) in the place talked of出席的，到场的opp. absent
How many people were present at the meeting?
People present will get a gift each.
be absent from
Four students are absent from class.
2)现存的， 现在的
What’s your present address?
present n. 现在，当前，目前
We learn from the past, experience the present, and hope for success in the future.
at present= at this time = now现在
for the present暂时
12．truthfully yours
13. effort ---努力，尽力the use of strength
with (without)effort 费（不费）力
He lifted the heavy box without effort.
make an/ every effort to do努力做某事
spare no effort不遗余力
The prisoner made an effort to escape but he failed.
power-1)动力doing work, driving a machine, producing electricity
Mills used to depend on wind power or water power.
2)力量 Knowledge is power.
strength-力气
force-武力
energy-精力
14.ignore 不顾，不理，忽视refuse to notice, take no notice of
比较：ignore : He ignored the s peed limit (=he knew about it, but paid no attention to it) and drove very fast.它无视时速限制，车开得很快。
ignorant :无知的，不知道的
He was driving very fast because he was ignorant of the fact that (= he didn’t know that) there was a speed limit. 他车开得很快，因为他不知道有时速限制。
15．attention n. 注意 （力）[u]
pay (close) attention to注意，重视
draw / catch / call /attract attention to
devote one’s attention to专注于
turn one’s attention to注意力转向
give attention to
concentrate / hold one’s attention upon将注意力集中在
fix one’s attention on留意，专心于02
Now they stopped to pay attention to him.
He is very quiet and doesn’t draw much attention to himself.
All his attention was concentrated upon the great blue circle.
16．tolerate vt.忍受，容忍is used of people or behavior , but usually not of suffering （用于忍受人或行为，通常并不指忍受痛苦）
tolerate doing
I find it hard to tolerate your behavior.
bear/stand极大的肉体痛苦
He bore/ stood the pain as long as he could. 他尽力忍受
痛苦. 还可同can连用,表非常讨厌的事情
I can’t bear/ stand strong coffee.
17. 1)affair事，事情[c]多指已发生的大小事情或必须去做的任何事情；
Leave me alone: mind your own affair.
It’s no affair of mine.
事务（多用复数）多指经济，外交方面的重大事情
international affairs
affairs of state ／ family affair
current affairs时事
2)event 事件，事[c]
The important event of the year was the big earthquake.
3)incident事件；事变；插曲
July 7th Incident
accident事故，意外的事
by accident偶然
business n.商业，生意上的事
18. concern vt.
1）关于,关系到，与…有关to be about（无被动）
The story concerns a man who is wrongly imprisoned.这个故事是关于一个被冤枉入狱的人.
Does this concern me?
2)过去分词作表语be concerned with … 和…有关,牵涉
I’m not concerned with that matter any longer.
His work is concerned with the preparation of the documents for
3)过去分词作后置定语: 有关的
The man concerned was her husband.
We shall have to consult the other countries concerned.
4)使担心,挂念worry
concern oneself with / about
be concerned about /with /for / over
Please don’t be concerned about me.
We are concerned about/for her safety.
5) so(as) far as … is concerned就…来说， 就…而论
So far as I’m concerned some other arrangement would have been satisfactory.
It is impossible as far as we are concerned.
n. 担心，焦虑 [u]
There is no reason for concern.
Mother’s concern over her sick child kept her awake all night.
19. telegram n. 电报
He sent me a telegram yesterday.
比较: telegraph n. [u]
The news was sent by telegraph.
v.打电报
We telegraphed her the news.
20. locate -v.
1)to learn the position of确定…的地点,找到…的位置
We located the library, schools, and stores as soon as
we moved into the town. 我们一搬到这个城镇里,就
找到了图书馆,学校和商店的地点.
2)使…坐落于, 把…设置在fix/ set in a certain place.
be located位于
Where is it located?
The firehouse is located on Main Street.
The house is located next to the river.这房子坐落在河边.
21.look up to =respect=admire
(opp.) look down upon
look into
look on
look forward to
look on …as
look out
look through
22.bore vt.使厌烦make sb. uninterested
The lesson was boring.
The students were bored (by it).
23.fall in love with
be in love with
24.attitude n.
(1) a way of feeling态度,表现
attitude to( towards)
What ‘s you attitude towards this idea?
(2) a position of the body (正式)姿态,姿势
25.disappoint –vt.
1)使失望, 使计划受挫unhappy at not seeing hopes come true
I’m sorry to disappoint you, but I can’t come after all.
让你失望了很抱歉,可我实在不能来.
2)disappointed adj. 失望的
*be disappointed about/ at/ in / with sb. /sth.
be disappointed to do
Are you disappointed about/ at losing the race?
My parents will be disappointed in/ with me if I fail
the examination.
She was very disappointed to hear it.
3) disappointing adj.令人失望
Her acting was disappointing.; I hoped she would do better.
What disappointing news !
He was disappointing , so his parents were very disappointed with him.
to one’s disappointment
The film made all of us ___. It is really ___.
A. disappointing; disappointed
B. disappointed; disappointing
C. disappointed: to be disappointed
D. fell disappointing; disappointing
Text:
1. generous 1) 慷慨，大方 (opp) mean
It is generous of sb. to do
It is generous of you to lend me your car yesterday.
be generous to sb.
The poor are usually generous to each other.
be generous with sth.
She is not very generous with the food.
2）丰盛的
He gave me a generous meal.
2.rob sb. / sp. of sth
不能说：rob sth.
Mrs Smith was robbed of her 4 3,000 designer watch at her west London home.
steal sth from sb./sp.
不能说：steal sb.
She was caught stealing food from the shop.他在商店偷食品时被发现了.
pick one’s pocket掏腰包
3.Food prices are going up.
go up go down vi.
上涨 rise 下降 bring down (the prices) vt.
get higher reduce vt.
The prices have been brought down.
The price is too high/ low.
The shirt is too expensive / cheap.
4. burn down (a building) be destroyed by fire烧毁 (强调破
坏性)
The building was burned down and only ashes were left.
burn out make hollow by fire烧光，烧掉
The building was burned out and only the walls remained.
burn up destroy completely by fire烧完，烧尽 (强调结果)
All the wood has been burned up.所有的木头都已烧完.
5. experienced pp. used as an adverbial分词作定语
1) When shall we send the corrected papers back to them?
2) The unexpected arrival of the letter made us jump with joy. 那封信突然的到来使我们高兴得跳了起来.
3) He made an inspiring speech at the meeting.
4) The inspired audience stood up and gave him a long and warm applause.受到鼓舞的听众站立起来,对他报以长时间的热烈掌声.
6.relate to sb. / sth. 能理解或同情某人(某事物)
Students find it difficult to relate to the life of a scientidt. 学生们发现理解科学家的生活很难.
relate… to有关联的, 相关的
It refers to something in the past which is directly relate
to the present time. 它指的是发生在过去但与现在有直接关系的某件事.
If you relate the results to the cause, you will find things are not that simple. 如果你把结果与援引联系起来看,你会发现事情并不那么简单.
7. for once=just for once=for this once=this once (至少)这一次(平时不这样)
1) For once, they broke the rule.
2) For once ,you are wrong.
3) For once, Brown, the toughest man, was asking for support.只有这一次Brown这个硬汉,开口求人了.
at once/immediately/
all at once/ suddenly/ all of a sudden
8. 1)rather than 而不是，与其…宁愿 instead of
The color seems green rather than blue.
He is a write rather than a poet.
He ran rather than walked.
Rather cause trouble, he left.
2)rather than连接两个并列主语时与前者一致
He rather rather you is to blame.
3) A rather than B = more A than B与其说B,不如说A.
He is an artist rather than a philosopher.
=He is more an artist than a philosopher.与其说他是位哲学家,不如说他是位艺术家.
4)would (had) rather … than宁愿…不愿
He would rather listen to others than talk himself.
Rather than get money in such a dishonest way, he would
beg in the streets.
9.keep + adj. (present p./past p.) 使保持，继续（处于某种状态）
Will you take these home and keep them safe?请你把这些带回来，安全保管好吗?
Keep the fire burning.
Would you keep me informed of how things are going? 你随时通知我事情的进展好吗？
10. make sure that 确保，设法做到
Please make sure that the house is locked when you leave.
Before she called on her friends, she rang to make sure that they were home.
make sure of / about
Make sure of all the facts before you write the report.
写报告前要弄清所有的事实.
There is just one or two details that I would like to make
sure about. 只有一两个细节我想弄明白.
11. bring back 1)带回, 送回
He always brings me back something nice when he goes overseas.
4) 使回忆起来,使恢复
Her heart stopped three times, but they brought her back.
Talking about it brings it all back.一谈起这件事就全想起来了.
12. adapt to改变，使能适应change so as to be suitable for new needs
It is not easy to adapt oneself to new conditions. 要使自己适应新环境是不容易的。
When you go abroad, you are often obliged to adapt yourself to foreign habits and customs. 一个人出国后往往被迫适应外国的风俗习惯。
13….it was the first time that I had written with real passion…
一些时态的固定句型:
1) That /It is the first /second …time that + have done
was had done
This is the first time I’ve come here.
It was the third time(that) he had made the same mistake.
2) It is / has been + 一段时间 + since did
was had done
It is ( has been) two weeks since I came here.
我来这两个星期了．（终止性动词表延续）
It is five years since I smoked.
我不吸烟五年了．（沿续性动词表终止）
I have smoked for five years.吸烟五年
She said it was five years since she had finished her work.完成工作五年了
It is ten years since we had had such a wonderful time.十年没这么快乐了
3) was/ were about to do when + did
was/ were doing
was/were going to do
was / were on the flight
We were about to leave when the telephone rang.
4) Hardly had…done when did
No sooner than
Scarcely when/ before
Hardly had I got home when it rained.
5) It won’t be／take + 一段时间＋before do用不了多久就
It will be/take + 一段时间 ＋before… 用了多久就．．．
It won’t be long before he comes back.
It will be two hours before he comes back.
It wasn’t + 一段时间 + before did 没过多久就．．．
It was + 一段时间 + before did 过了多久就．．．
It wasn’t ten years before they met again.
6)It is time that should do/ did
It is time that they went to school.
13．be/ get / become addicted to sth.… 对…有(上)瘾unable to stop having, taking
Soon he became addicted to cigarettes.
The children are addicted to television.
addiction 嗜好
14. on all sides = on every side 在各方面,四面八方
On all sides there was great enthusiasm over his speech. 他的演讲及其各界人们极大的热情.
They were trapped with enemies on every side.他们陷入困境四面楚歌.
15. respect 1) vt.
He respect every opinion his friend held.
2) n. 尊敬 [u, 可加a ] 重视
have (no, much) respect for sb. /sth.
I have much respect for him.
He has no respect for his promises.
3)n. (pl) 敬意,问候 =regards
Give my respects/ regards to your wife.
16. Brave and strong, the activists talked to workers outside the factory and left a positive message about protecting the earth.示威者们在场外与工人们交谈，积极呼吁保护地球，表现出了勇气和力量。
brave and strong表句子主语在talk和leave a message时的情形, 即:when the activists talked to workers outside the factory and left a positive message about protecting the earth, they were brave and strong..
eg. The old man went to bed hungry last night. (The old man was hungry when he went bed last night. 这种结构与副词作状语结构不同.前者主要说明主语,后者主要说明谓语.
The old man went to bed slowly. (The action of “ going to bed” is slow)
He went home, tired and hungry.
17.