Art and architecture
New words:
1. design vt. 设计，计划
1) vt.设计
He had designed all the scenes.
2)(多用被动)目的是，打算给…用
a) be designed for
to do
This found is designed to help worthy students.
The course of study ids designed to help those wishing to teach abroad.
b)be meant for打算给(谁),打算(作什么用)
What (Who) is this meant for?
Is this picture meant for me?
The room was originally meant for workers’ reading-room.
c)intend…for
be intended for (原)打算给(某人),准备让…干
I intended ( meant ) that for you.
I intended these flowers for your mother , but as she is away I’d be glad if you would accept them.
This gift is intended for you.
The movie is intended for the adults only.
n. 1) 设计[c,u]
2)图案,图样,式样[c] pattern
I like the design of your furniture.
The cloth has a pattern of red and white squares.
*by design有意地 (反) by accident 无意地
Did you do it by design or by accident?
2. furniture n. [u]
The room was small and contained far too much furniture.
The furniture was moved in.
a piece of / an article of furniture 一件家具
3. convenient adj. suited to one ‘s needs 便利的, 适宜的
a convenient house/ time/ store
It is convenient to do sth.
be convenient to sb./ for sb. 不能人作主语
Will the 3:30 train be convenient for you?
Come whenever it is convenient to you.
It is convenient to live in the modern house.
convenience n. 方便, 合适 [u]
at one’s convenience在方便的时侯,以方便的方式
Deal with it at your convenience.
We’ll meet at your convenience.
4.construct vt. build, more formal than make
construction n.
under construction
There are two new hotels near here under construction.
5.impress vt.
1) fill sb. with admiration给人深刻的印象,引人注目
be impressed by/ at / with被…所感动
I was very impressed by/ with their new house.
We were deeply impressed by his deeds.
2)铭刻,铭记, 让明白(…的重要性)
impress on sb. sth.=impress sb. with sth.
My father impressed on me the importance of hard work.
He impressed me with the importance of the work.
=He impressed on me the importance of the work.
3) be impressed on one’s mind/ memory被印在脑海里，留下很深印象
What he said that day was deeply impressed on my memory.
6. belong to (1.不能用被动2.只有一般时，不用进行时)
That dictionary belongs to me.
is belong to me.×
is belonged to me.×
is belonging to me.×
belongs to mine.×
is mine.
China is a country belonging to the third world.
belongs to×
which is belonged to×
belonged to×
which belongs to
Text:
1. If …were/ did …, … would …
If I were you, I would go with him.
If she stayed at home now, she would be watching TV.
If …did/ should/ were to…, … would…
If …had done…,…would have done…
2. I’d prefer
prefer用法：
1） prefer+ n.
Would you like to live in a modern flat or do you prefer a traditional house?
2) prefer + to do
In which house would you prefer to live?
3) prefer + doing
I prefer working on my own.
4) prefer sb./ sth. to sb. / sth.
Even today, most Americans prefer coffee to tea.
5) prefer doing to doing
I prefer staying at home watching TV to going shopping out.
6) would prefer that
I’d prefer that the job were a little closer to my home.
3. I’d rather
1) would/ had rather do
I’d rather go myself.
2) would rather have done宁愿做过
I’d rather not have said that.
3) would rather do ..than ..do
I’d rather stay at home than go out.
Rather than get money in such a dishonest way, he would beg in the streets.
4)would rather did
I’d rather you went there.
4.take examples from模仿
His designs tale examples mainly flowers and plants.
follow ( copy) example of 以…为榜样
set an example to
take … for example
5. have sth./ sb. do
have sb. / sth. doing
have sth. done 1)让别人来做某事2）遭到某种情况
have sth./ sb. to do
won’t have sb. doing容忍
1) I won’t have him cheat me.
2)He had the fire burning all night.
I had a car waiting at the gate.
3) I’ll have my bike repaired.
Why didn’t you have your suit cleaned?
King Charlie had his head cut off.
She had her watch stolen.
4) Do you have any clothes to wash?
Do you have any clothes to be washed?
5) I won’t have you saying like that.
get sb. to do sth.
get sb./sth. doing
get sth. done
get married /changed/drunk
eg. Mrs Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had ___ went wrong again.
A. it B. it repaired C.repaired D. to be repaired
6. 1)find + O + adj.
I found English hard to learn.
2)find +O + n.
I find it a hard book.
3)find + O + doing
We found him waiting to receive us.
4)find + O + done
On his return from his office, he found the house deserted.
He found the door closed.
5)find + O + adv.
We went to her house but we found her out.
6)find + O + prep. phr.
I found myself in prison.
7)find + O + to be
I find the Chinese people to be happy and cheerful.
We found him ( to be ) dishonest.=that he was dishonest.
8)find + O + that
I called on her this evening ; but I found she had gone to the country on a visit.
7.go against 1)违背，违反
You can’t go against nature.
Her father is so strict that she is scared to go against his wishes.
2) 对…不利
The case may go against you.
The game was going against us.
8.While in traditional architecture materials such as earth, stone, brick and wood are used, the materials of modern architecture are steel, glass and concrete. 传统建筑使用土石和砖木等材料，而现代建筑的材料是钢铁和混凝土等。
while是并列连词，表示对比，这时两部分是并列关系。
Jane was dressed in brown while Mary was dressed in blue.
Books were everywhere on the floor while magazines covered the table.
9. include包括，包含（部分，可能还有别的）
contain 1) to hold装2）包含，含有（强调整个）
The plan includes most of your suggestions.
The price includes both house and furniture.
Everyone laughed, me included.
including me.
This bottle contains two glasses of beer.
His paper contains no mistakes at all.
Hamburger is a kind of food containing fat
contains ×
contained ×
to contain ×
which contains
10. 1) despite
He came to the meeting despite his serious illness.
2) in spite of
He came to the meeting in spite of rain.
3) although
Although my car is very old, I don’t want to buy a new car.
4) though
Though it is hard , I enjoy it.
5) as
Young as (though) he is, he knows a lot.
Hard as he studied, he failed.
Try as he might, he failed.
6)when
Why do you want a new job when you’ve got such
a good one already? 你已经有了这么好的工作，
干吗还要找新工作呢?
7) while尽管,虽然(多放在句首)
While they are my neighbours, I don’t know them well.
While I understand what you say, I don’t agree with you.
11.refer to
12.pull down
13. decorate…with… 用…装饰
be decorated with
She decorated her room with flowers.
All the walls of her room are decorated with pictures of pop stars.
14.remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事，使某人想起
remind sb. to do sth.
remind sb. that
This hotel reminds me of the one we stayed in last year.
Remind me to write to Mother.
The sight of the clock reminded me that I was late.
The sight of the clock reminded me to leave at once.
15.compare …with…
compare… to…
compared with/ to…同…相比
When ___, the museum will be open to the public next year. A. completed B. completing C. being Completed D. to be completed
16.set aside
1) save for a special purpose把…放在一边，搁置；留出
She set aside a little money every week.
He set aside the book and turned off the light.
2)pay no attention to无视，不管
Setting aside what I think, what would you like to do?不用管我怎么想，你想干什么？
17. of different sizes
of + n.用来表示人或事物说具有的特征或性质，作表语或后置定语
a. 指人,物（表语）
They were both of middle height.
be of different sizes, weights, shapes
b. （定语）
He is a man of character.
I don’t find anything of interest (anything interesting)?
c. be of great value/ interest / use/ importance/benefit/ help
be very valuable/ interesting/ useful/ important /beneficial / helpful
The book is of great value.
The book is very valuable.
18. far from 1）远
How far is it from your office to the bank?
2) 远远不是，不仅不…(而且)
a. far from doing
She is far from being pleased about it; she is very angry.
Far from admiring his paintings, I dislike them intensely.强烈地
b. far from + adj.
It is far from perfect.
She was sure that she was far from happy.
But I was still far from satisfied.