The British Isles
New words:
1.consist of, be made up of, include包含,包括,由….组成
1)consist of -- 不用进行式,无被动式no pass.
= be made up of
The book consists of ten parts. 本书共十章.
is consisted of ×
is consisting of ×
The city of New York consists of five boroughs.
纽约有五个行政区.
North America consists of the United States, Canada, and Mexico.(=these are all the parts that make it up)北美包括美国,加拿大和墨西哥.(他们是构成北美的所有部分.
2) include
The United States includes Alaska and Hawaii.(= these are two of the states that make up the United States)美国包括阿拉斯加和夏威夷.(他们是组成美国各州的两个州)
2.form vt. vi.1）形成，组成，构成，养成
form the habit of
form a sentence
A plan began to form in his mind.
School helps to form a child’s character.(比喻)上学可以帮助培养孩子的品德。
2)form …from由…构成,由…组成.
form … into组成,排成,分成,做成
She formed a clay into a bowl.
She formed a bowl from the clay.
3)form up排好队伍
Form up in line.
3.general adj.1)普遍的，公众的，普通的
It’s a matter of general interest.
The cold weather has been general.
2)一般的，大致的
get a general idea获得大意
Give me a general idea of the work.
as a general rule一般说来
general knowledge常识，人所共知的事
in general一般说来，总的说来
Women in general like to shop for new clothes.
3) generally adv.
generally speaking
Generally speaking, women live longer than men.
4.influence n. 1)影响 [u],表某种影响可作[c]
have influence over/ with/ on/ upon
A teacher has great influence over his pupils.
He had great influence with the miners.
2)a person with this power有影响的人
He is a good / bad influence on my daughter.
他对我女儿是一个有好/坏影响的人.
under the influence of在(人,东西).. 的影响下
3) v.影响,感化
Don’t let me influence your decision.
What influenced you to do it?
5.basis/ bases(复)基础,根据
What’s the basis of/ for your opinion? 你的看法的根据是什么?
base n.基础,底部
base sth. on sth.
be based on根据
The text is based on the novel written by Luxun.
be taken from摘自于
The text is taken from the play written by Shakespeare.
be set in以…为背景
The film is set in a small village.
6.judge v.
1)judge by 以…来判断，从…来看
Don’t judge a man by his looks.
judged by…
Judged by the ordinary standards, he was reliable.
2)judge from从…来看, 根据…可以看出
Judging from what you say, he ought to succeed.
Judging from the number of caars, he thought, there were not many people at the club yet.
3)认为,估计vt.
a. 跟不定式的复合宾语(多和to be 连用)
I judge him to be loyal.
I judged them to have finished.
He judged time to be about noon.
b. 跟带形容词或名词的复合宾语:
He judges it safer to go away than to stay.
c. 跟从句
I judged that you had forgotten to come.
7.1)own v.
a.拥有,占有,是…的主人have, possess
Mr. North owns that company.
b.承认vt.
I own I was weak.
I own that I may have made mistakes.
2)adj. 自己的
I saw it with my own eyes.
They had given their lives to save children not their own.
3)n.属于自己的东西(人)
This house is my own.
I only borrow it , it is not my own.
*of one’s own 自己的
I wish I had a little lab of my own.
I want a book of my own.
*on one’s own
a.(作状语)独自,靠自己的力量
He got the job on his own.
You came to London on your own?
b.(作表语)靠自己(生活),独自一人
He likes to be on his own.
8.employ
9.namely adv. 那就是,这就是说 that is,
Only one person can do the job, namely you.
Only one boy was absent, namely Harry.
There are three colors in the British flag, namely red, white and blue.
10.approach .
1) 走进,接近,快到
A boy of eighteen is approaching manhood.
As people approach old age their energy may diminish.
As winter approached the weather became colder.
The time is approaching when we must leave.
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